Болотная черепаха Emys orbicularis (Testudines, Emydidae) в Казахстане: ревизия материалов по распространению и экологии

Т.Н. Дуйсебаева, Ф.А. Сараев и А.Г. Бакиев

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2025, 329(2): 134–151 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2025.329.2.134

Резюме

Обновлен кадастр находок болотной черепахи Emys orbicularis (Linnaues, 1758) в Казахстане. Уточнены старые сведения о находках вида, имевших неточные привязки к местности и/или неточное датирование. Новые сведения для бассейнов рек Ори, Илека, Уила и Эмбы подтверждают данные по обитанию здесь черепахи почти полувековой и вековой давности. Дополнительные пункты встреч E. orbicularis на севере Тургайской столовой равнины обрисовывают северо-восточные пределы распространения вида в Казахстане. Черепаха найдена на правых притоках р. Иргиз, заметно пересыхающих в летний сезон. Единичные встречи зарегистрированы в прибрежной зоне казахстанского сектора Каспия с соленостью воды до 12–13‰. По разрозненным данным 1990–2020 гг., встречаемость черепахи в Западном Казахстане варьирует от 1–3 до 9–10 особей на километр. Сезон размножения от спаривания до откладки яиц длится с третьей декады апреля по июнь включительно, выход сеголеток происходит в августе. Зарегулирование стока рек, забор воды и ее загрязнение, выпас скота, браконьерские сети, строительство мостов, дамб, прокладка дорог, сопровождающиеся гибелью черепах и разрушением мест обитания, лимитируют стабильность популяций E. orbicularis в Казахстане.

Ключевые слова

Emys orbicularis, Казахстан, распространение, экология

Поступила в редакцию 17 февраля 2025 г. · Принята в печать 30 апреля 2025 г. · Опубликована 3 июня 2025 г.

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