Три миллиона окольцованных птиц на Куршской косе (Прибалтика) и десять тысяч результатов о путях их миграций: краткий обзор, статистика и примеры

В.А. Паевский и А.П. Шаповал

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2025, 329(2): 77–89 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2025.329.2.77

Резюме

Один из массовых пролётных путей птиц в Европе – Беломорско-Балтийская миграционная трасса, проходящая по восточной Прибалтике. С целью изучения перелетов птиц путем кольцевания на Куршской косе была основана первая в мире орнитологическая станция Vogelwarte Rossitten, работу которой продолжила Биологическая станция «Рыбачий» Зоологического института РАН. За 1956–2020 гг. в этом месте сотрудниками Биостанции было окольцовано 3 миллиона 214 тысяч 217 особей птиц 202 видов и получено 10165 сообщений о дальних находках колец у 99 видов птиц. В статье представлен краткий обзор этих результатов. Основное внимание уделено следующим темам: а) результативности кольцевания разных видов птиц, включая падение доли возврата колец, б) географическому распределению мигрантов с примером миграционной связности между географическими областями в разные сезоны, в) возможностям изучения динамики численности популяций на основе данных ежегодного отлова, а также г) разным аспектам демографического изучения популяций по результатам кольцевания. Статья написана с целью ознакомления международной орнитологической общественности с нашими результатами кольцевания птиц, не вошедшими (по причинам, не связанными с наукой) в известный международный интерактивный атлас миграций и веб-сайт по Евразийско-Африканскому пролётному пути птиц (2022 г.).

Ключевые слова

атлас, демография птиц, миграционная связность, миграции, динамика популяций, кольцевание

Поступила в редакцию 12 февраля 2025 г. · Принята в печать 11 апреля 2025 г. · Опубликована 3 июня 2025 г.

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