Применение референтного интервала для оценки нормальной изменчивости некоторых показателей антиоксидантной системы в печени и мышцах трехиглой колюшки

А.А. Кочнева, А.Л. Рабинович, Д.Л. Лайус, С.Р. Курпе и И.В. Суховская

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2024, 328(4): 707–725 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2024.328.4.707

Резюме

При проведении исследований воспроизводимость и правильная оценка полученных результатов являются важными задачами, для решения которых необходимо использовать современные методы и подходы. Для оценки состояния биологических систем часто применяется тестирование значимости нулевой гипотезы относительно предполагаемых значений «нормы». Однако в последнее время дихотомический подход подтверждения или опровержения нулевой гипотезы критикуется специалистами в области анализа данных из-за отсутствия валидации методов оценки p-уровня значимости и биологического обоснования исследуемых гипотез. Поэтому был предложен новый подход для определения «нормального» состояния биологических систем, сложившийся в теорию референтных значений (РЗ). Понятия референтного интервала (РИ) и референтных значений стали общепринятым в различных областях исследований. В нашей работе проведена оценка РИ показателей антиоксидантной системы (АОС) (глутатион S-трансфераза, каталаза, гваякол-зависимая пероксидаза, супероксиддисмутаза) в печени и мышцах самцов трехиглой колюшки Gasterosteus aculeatus L., выловленных в губе Сельдяная Белого моря. Трехиглая колюшка является многочисленным, одним из наиболее изучаемых видов рыб в Белом море и выступает в роли модельного объекта в исследованиях по популяционной генетике, эволюционной биологии и экологии. АОС участвует в защите организма от негативного влияния экзогенных и эндогенных факторов, вызывающих окислительный стресс, а ее показатели применяются в качестве биомаркеров физиологического состояния организма. Также проведено сравнение активности ферментов АОС колюшки из других биотопов Белого моря (пролив Сухая Салма и лагуна Колюшковая) между собой и относительно рассчитанных РЗ. Колюшка из лагуны Колюшковая и пролива Сухая Салма различались по активности супероксиддисмутазы в печени, при этом средние значения активности фермента вошли в РИ. Для оценки воспроизводимости статистических тестов проведено моделирование влияния размера выборки колюшки на результат сравнения выборок с помощью t-критерия симуляции случайной выборки, определены объемы выборок исследуемых признаков с наибольшей дисперсией тип зависимости и объемы выборок при 50% вероятности положительного теста. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы как для анализа процессов, происходящих в популяции трехиглой колюшки в период нереста, так и для мониторинга экосистемы Белого моря в целом, учитывая ключевую роль колюшки в этой системе.

Ключевые слова

антиоксидантная система, Белое море, мышцы, печень, референтный интервал, трехиглая колюшка, Gasterosteus aculeatus

Поступила в редакцию 17 мая 2024 г. · Принята в печать 11 ноября 2024 г. · Опубликована онлайн 25 декабря 2024 г.

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