Распространение подземных грызунов Myospalax myospalax (Rodentia, Myospalacidae) в плейстоцене и в современности как ответ на изменение экологических факторов

С.Е. Голованов, А.В. Шпанский и Г.Г. Русанов

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2024, 328(2): 214–226 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2024.328.2.214

Резюме

Распространение алтайских цокоров Myospalax myospalax (Laxmann, 1773) остаётся предметом научных дискуссий как относительно состояния современного ареала, так и палеоареалов в геологическом прошлом. Данный вид является западносибирским эндемиком и относится к семейству цокоровых (Myospalacidae), группе подземных грызунов, ведущих одиночный и территориальный образ жизни. Ареал алтайских цокоров претерпевал сильные изменения в 20 веке, следствием чего стало его сокращение и разорванность. В исследованиях за разные года приводимые ареалы алтайских цокоров часто могут не совпадать друг с другом, что затрудняет определение лимитирующих факторов для данного вида. В свою очередь, данные по ископаемым находкам M. myospalax являются фрагментарными и до настоящего момента не были рассмотрены в рамках одной публикации. В настоящей работе проведена ревизия данных по распространению M. myospalax с целью определения связи между ареалом алтайских цокоров и такими факторами окружающей среды, как климат и распределение почв. В работе реконструирована зона максимального распространения алтайских цокоров в 19–20 веках. Зона максимального распространения была сопоставлена с распространением почвенных комплексов и провинций, что позволило установить ряд климатических и почвенных параметров, характерных для местообитания данного вида. В работе обобщены авторские и ранее опубликованные данные по ископаемым находкам M. myospalax. Исследованы моляры M. myospalax из местонахождений позднего плейстоцена и голоцена, с последующим сравнением с рецентными выборками и остатками из местонахождений среднего плейстоцена. На основе полученных результатов выдвинуто предложение об использование данного вида в качестве палеоклиматического индикатора.

Ключевые слова

биогеография, климатические реконструкции, Myospalacidae, палеобиогеография, Западная Сибирь, цокоры

Поступила в редакцию 29 сентября 2023 г. · Принята в печать 10 апреля 2024 г. · Опубликована 24 июня 2024 г.

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