Дзерен (Procapra cf. gutturosa Pallas, 1777) в плейстоцене Забайкалья и Алтая

С.К. Васильев, А.М. Клементьев и В.Е. Кирилюк

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2023, 327(2): 202–225 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2023.327.2.202

Резюме

Исследовано более 1500 костей черепа и посткраниального скелета дзерена (Procapra cf. gutturosa Pallas, 1777) из 4 палеолитических памятников Западного Забайкалья (Варварина Гора, Каменка, Хотык, Толбага) и 3 пещерных местонахождений северо-западного Алтая (Денисова, Страшная, Каминная). Для сравнения привлекалась большая коллекция костей скелета от 56 особей современного P. gutturosa, собранная на территории заказника «Долина дзерена». Выявлен ряд морфометрических отличий в строении нижней челюсти и костей посткраниального скелета между современным и ископаемым дзеренами. Плейстоценовый P. cf. gutturosa обладал более короткими и относительно массивными костями конечностей и по размерам тела был существенно меньше современного. На памятниках Забайкалья кости дзерена могут составлять до половины всех остатков мегафауны, в средне-позднеплейстоценовых слоях пещер Алтая – до 3–4%. В периоды оледенений дзерены Забайкалья и Алтая обитали в условиях холодных, сухих и малоснежных степных или горно-степных ландшафтов. В межледниковья и межстадиалы они продолжали обитать здесь в условиях степных или лесостепных ландшафтов.

Ключевые слова

Алтай, дзерен, Забайкалье, костные остатки, плейстоцен

Поступила в редакцию 13 февраля 2023 г. · Принята в печать 30 апреля 2023 г. · Опубликована 25 июня 2023 г.

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