Региональные перемещения трех мигрирующих видов воробьиных на юго-восточном побережье Балтийского моря во время осенней миграции

В.Н. Булюк, И.С. Ищенко, И.Н. Панов и Н.С. Чернецов

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2022, 326(2): 66–77 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2022.326.2.66

Резюме

Многочисленные данные свидетельствуют о том, что некоторые воробьиные во время сезонных миграций могут совершать региональные перемещения как в миграционном, так и в обратном направлении. По дальности масштабы таких перемещений обычно превышают передвижения на миграционных остановках, но меньше, чем те, которые птицы совершают во время миграционных бросков. В статье представлены результаты исследований региональных перемещений во время осенней миграции трех видов воробьиных – ближних мигрантов: европейской зарянки (Erithacus rubecula Linnaeus, 1758), желтоголового королька (Regulus regulus Linnaeus, 1758) и длиннохвостой синицы (Aegithalos caudatus Linnaeus, 1758). Анализ данных кольцевания и повторных поимок птиц этих видов на 7 участках на юго-восточном побережье Балтийского моря на расстоянии 11–132 км друг от друга показал, что количество птиц, вовлеченных в региональные перемещения, значительно различается между видами. У длиннохвостых синиц – дневных мигрантов – доля птиц, совершающих региональные перемещения, была на один-два порядка выше, чем у зарянок (ночные мигранты) или желтоголовых корольков (мигранты со смешанным миграционным ритмом). У всех трех видов средние сроки региональных перемещений в миграционном и обратном направлении существенно не различались. Перемещения регионального масштаба часто происходили при встречных ветрах, что позволяет предположить, что эти перемещения могли быть вызваны прекращением миграционных бросков и (или) дрейфом мигрирующих птиц при таких ветрах.

Ключевые слова

Aegithalos caudatus, осенняя миграция, Erithacus rubecula, европейская зарянка, желтоголовый королек, длиннохвостая синица, воробьиные, региональные перемещения, Regulus regulus

Поступила в редакцию 3 мая 2022 г. · Принята в печать 6 июня 2022 г. · Опубликована 25 июня 2022 г.

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