Остатки млекопитающих с античного поселения Голубицкая 2

М.В. Саблин и К.Ю. Ильцевич

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2020, 324(4): 497–505 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2020.324.4.497

Резюме

В статье изложены результаты исследования остеологического материала с античного поселения Голубицкая 2 (Краснодарский край, Таманский полуостров, Россия) из раскопок 2007–2019 гг. Археологическое изучение поселения проводилось под руководством кандидата исторических наук Д.В. Журавлева (Государственный исторический музей, Москва). Всего из культурных слоев VI–III века до н. э. удалось определить 5996 костей млекопитающих. Остеологический материал, который накапливался в античном поселении в течение почти трех веков, относительно хорошо сохранился. Мы представляем здесь ряд новых фактов, расширяя наши представления об экономической жизни, обычаях и традициях местного античного населения. Дикие промысловые животные представлены взрослыми особями зайца-русака, волка, лисицы, бурого медведя, кабана и благородного оленя. Эти звери до сих пор обитают в Предкавказье. Очевидно, что охота здесь выступала лишь в качестве дополнительного источника питания и велась в ближайших окрестностях. В результате анализа показано, что обитатели Голубицкой 2 вели оседло-земледельческий образ жизни — стада, скорее всего, выпасались в ближайших окрестностях. При раскопках обнаружены сорок два полных или частично полных скелета собак, исследование которых показало наличие у отдельных животных многочисленных прижизненных травм. Зафиксированы также возможные ритуальные захоронения собак на поселении. Наш анализ показал, что в качестве сырья для изготовления артефактов часто использовались кости крупных млекопитающих. Здесь мы также сравниваем наши результаты с данными коллег, работающих на других поселениях Восточного Крыма и Таманского полуострова.

Ключевые слова

Античные поселения, погребения собак, фаунистический комплекс, Голубицкая 2, млекопитающие, Таманский полуостров

Поступила в редакцию 15 апреля 2020 г. · Принята в печать 30 мая 2020 г. · Опубликована 25 декабря 2020 г.

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