Обзор данных о роли кортизола на завершающих этапах нерестовой миграции и репродуктивного цикла у представителей осетровых (Acipenseridae)

Л.В. Баюнова

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2019, 323(4): 412–428   ·   https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2019.323.4.412

Полный текст  

Резюме

В обзоре приводятся данные о роли кортизола (F) на завершающих этапах репродуктивного цикла у представителей проходных осетровых (Acipenseridae) Волго-Каспийского региона: русского осетра (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt et Ratzeburg, 1833), севрюги (Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771) и белуги (Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758), полученные с применением специального варианта иммуноферментного анализа (ИФА), что позволяло сравнивать показатели разных лет. Исследована динамика уровня F в сыворотке крови (СК) и состояние интерреналовой железы (ИЖ) у осетровых в период нагула в море, в начале анадромной миграции, а также при осуществлении размножения в условиях рыбоводных заводов. Более высокие уровни F в СК и высокая функциональная активность ИЖ характерны для мигрантов осетровых при заходе в реку по сравнению с данными для рыб в период нагула в море. Резервирование производителей осетровых в условиях рыбоводных заводов приводило к снижению уровня F в СК, а гормональная стимуляция созревания вызывала повышение этого показателя. Приведены также данные о содержании F в ооцитах и полостной (целомической) жидкости при созревании самок осетровых. Оценены «профили» F у производителей осетровых при стрессорных воздействиях, неизбежных в условиях рыбоводных предприятий, а также при экспериментально смоделированных стрессорных воздействиях. Обсуждены особенности взаимодействия гипоталамо-гипофизарно-гонадной и гипоталамо-гипофизарно-интерреналовой осей у осетровых при резервировании на рыбоводных заводах и при гормональной стимуляции созревания рыб. Особое внимание уделено обобщению данных, которые содержатся в работах, выполненных в конце 90-х – начале 2000-х годов под руководством д.б.н., проф. И.А. Баранниковой (1926–2017), памяти которой и посвящен обзор.

Ключевые слова

анадромная миграция, гормональная стимуляция, кортизол, белуга, русский осетр, севрюга, стресс

Поступила в редакцию 9 октября 2019 г.  ·  Принята в печать 6 декабря 2019 г.  ·  Опубликована 26 декабря 2019 г.

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