Новый подвид обыкновенного щитомордника Gloydius halys (Pallas, 1776) (Viperidae, Crotalinae) из Тувы и западной Монголии

И.И. Кропачев и Н.Л. Орлов

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2017, 321(2): 129–179 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2017.321.2.129

Резюме

В статье приводится описание нового подвида обыкновенного, или Палласова, щитомордника, обитающего на территории южной Тувы, западной и южной Монголии. Убсунурский щитомордник, Gloydius halys ubsunurensis ssp. nov. отличается от других таксонов комплекса по совокупности морфологических признаков: 1) относительно большему количеству брюшных щитков (V+PreV): 171–188; 2) большему количеству подхвостовых щитков: 47–53 у самцов и 42–46 у самок; 3) большему количеству светлых полос вокруг тела: 35–41; 4) большому количеству светлых полос вокруг тела и хвоста: 47–63; 5) светлой фоновой, «пустынной» окраской дорсальной поверхности тела. Также новый подвид отличается ареалом и особыми биоклиматическими условиями обитания. Популяции, составляющие новый подвид, с одной стороны, проявляют себя как единую совокупность, а с другой, хорошо обособленны от других валидных таксонов комплекса, что хорошо подтверждает анализ морфологических данных методами многомерной статистики. В результате моделирования потенциального распространения убсунурского щитомордника в программе Maxent выявлены зоны оптимума, а также ключевые биоклиматические факторы, влияющие на рисунок ареала. Наибольший процентный вклад вносит среднегодовая температура (72.4%). Второй по значимости показатель – осадки самой влажной четверти года – (11.1%). Средняя температура самой сухой четверти года и осадки самой теплой четверти года – 7.4% и 6.6% соответственно. В публикации приводится определительный ключ для таксонов рода Gloydius, распространенных на территории бывшего СССР.

Ключевые слова

моделирование распространения, Монголия, комплекс Gloydius halys, обыкновенный щитомордник, Тува, Gloydius halys ubsunurensis ssp. nov.

Поступила в редакцию 9 января 2017 г. · Принята в печать 30 апреля 2017 г. · Опубликована 26 июня 2017 г.

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