Скелет мамонта (Mammuthus primigenius) из верхнепалеолитической стоянки Костенки 14 (Маркина Гора), европейская Россия

Е.А. Петрова, Н.Д. Бурова и А.А. Синицын

Труды Зоологического института РАН, 2015, 319(3): 378–400 · https://doi.org/10.31610/trudyzin/2015.319.3.378

Резюме

В статье дается описание скелета шерстистого мамонта Mammuthus primigenius из раскопок многослойной верхнепалеолитической стоянки Костенки 14 (Маркина гора) в Воронежской области, европейская Россия. Скелет найден в слоистых отложениях заполнения русла небольшого овражка. Кости залегали в анатомической последовательности, были слабо смещены относительно друг друга. Полное отсутствие культурных остатков и следов порезов на костях указывает на естественную гибель животного, без участия человека. В верхней челюсти мамонта идет смена M1–M2, большинство эпифизов костей не приросло. На основании морфологических и морфометрических данных установлено, что скелет принадлежит молодому животному, погибшему в возрасте 19–25 лет, по-видимому, самцу. Время существования мамонта из стоянки Костенки 14 – средневалдайское межледниковье, 33–36 тыс. л. н. по радиоуглеродным датировкам.

Ключевые слова

верхнепалеолитическая стоянка, морфология, Русская равнина, скелет, средневалдайское межледниковье, Mammuthus primigenius

Поступила в редакцию 3 марта 2015 г. · Принята в печать 31 августа 2015 г. · Опубликована 25 сентября 2015 г.

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