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Year 2011, Volume 45, Issue 6
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Investigation of causes of the conflict between taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of trypanosomatids by the example of Leptomonas nabiculae Podlipaev, 1987. P. 409-424.
Results of study of Leptomonas nabiculae using various molecular markers and different material (cultures D2 et Nfm2) contradicted each other and taxonomic position of this species. We investigated morphology of the cells in these cultures as well as in hapantotype of L. nabiculae and those of L. peterhoffi and L. occidentalis that had been described from the same host species. We also reconstructed 18S rRNA gene phylogeny using sequences from both cultures. The D2 culture according to its morphology and phylogenetic position revealed to be a Crithidia that had accompanied L. nabiculae in a mixed infection. We named it Crithidia dedva. The cells in the hapantotypes of the three Leptomonas species and those of the Nfm2 culture represent a single species that is a Herpetomonas (H. nabiculae) judging by morphology and molecular phylogeny. We also showed that the sequence of 18S rRNA gene that had been formerly determined represents a chimaera. This had resulted in the wrong position of this species on the phylogenetic tree that had contradicted results of the analysis of 5s rRNA gene.
in Russian
The influence of the degree of infestation with trematode parthenites on the structure of penial glands in the mollusks Littorina saxatilis of different age. P. 425-437.
Histological and confocal microscopy studies of the structure of penial glands in the Littorina saxatilis males were carried out. The examined mollusks belong to two age groups and were at different stages of spontaneous infection with a trematode from the pygmaeus species group (Microphallus piriformes). Based on comparative analysis of microscopic sections of copulative organs in infested and non-infested mollusks, data on the modifications in histological structure of penial glands were obtained. From these data we can suggest that the infestation have an influence on all parts of the gland. Decrease of secret production and reduction of muscular capsule (down to its disappearance) were observed. We suppose that changes in the penial glands structure prevent their normal functioning. In the mollusks infested on reaching the sexual maturity, gradual reduction of distal part of reproductive system was observed, while in the mollusks infested before the sexual maturity, development of ancillary part of reproductive system was blocked.
in Russian
The nature of the germinal mass (gonad) in trematode parthenites (Trematoda). P. 438-448.
Dynamics of reproduction of the Notocotylus imbricatus (Notocotylidae), Echinostoma caproni (Echinostomatidae), Sphaeridiotrema globulus and Psilotrema tuberculata (Psilostomatidae) rediae was examined. Forming of germinal mass in trematodes is considered and discussed on the base of literary and original data.
in Russian
Spatial organization of musculature in the Himasthla elongata cercaria (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae). P. 449-460.
Somatic muscles (body-wall and "parenchymal" musculature), muscles of suckers, alimentary tract and excretory bladder of Himasthla elongata cercaria were investigated using fluorescent phalloidin labelling and confocal microscopy. The arrangement of body-wall muscles differs between the certain parts of cercarial body and appears to be the most complicated in the collar district. Among the body-wall musculature, we described U-shaped muscles, which have never been found previously in trematodes. Muscles of oral and ventral suckers are grouped into 6—7 independent layers. In some of those layers, they are arranged bilaterally, which contradicts the tradition to consider the sucker as radially symmetric.
in Russian
PCR identification of DN A of hosts of the taiga tick nymphs (Ixodes persulcatus: Ixodinae) in St. Petersburg and its suburbs. P. 461-469.
PCR identification of host DNA in unfed females and males of taiga tick Ixodes persulcatus was performed. Amplification of each sample was done using primers species-specific by 12S rDNA mitochondrial gene. Four species of small mammals (Apodemus uralensis, Clethrionomys glareolus, Microtus arvalis, and Sorex araneus) and two passeriform bird species (Fringilla coelebs and Parus major) were analysed. For one third of tick samples, hosts of previous stages were established using this method. In five cases, feeding on more than one host species was detected.
in Russian
Ways of the fleas (Siphonaptera) fauna formation in the Caucasus. P. 470-487.
Fleas fauna of the Caucasus is considered, possible ways of its formation are discussed. Caucasian fleas belong to 155 species and 40 genera; 23 species are endemics. Hypothesis on Western Palearctic and Eastern Palearctic sources of the Caucasian fleas' fauna formation are proposed.
in Russian
Index of authors published in 2011 (Vol. 45). P. 488-490.
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in Russian