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Year 2020, Volume 54, Issue 2
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Academician Evgeny Pavlovsky -analysis of creative activity. P. 91-116.
Creative activity of the world known zoologist and parasitologist Evgeny Pavlovsky (1884-1965), member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the author of 1535 works published in 1903-1969 is analized. Four periods in creation activity of Evgeny Pavlovsky are distinguished: 1st - in 1903-1919, 2nd - in 1919-1939, 3rd - in 1940-1951, and 4th, in 1952-1965. In the creative inheritance of Pavlovsky, 10 trends, 27 thematics, and 37 themes of scientific, educational, and pedagogical activity can be distinguished. Characteristic of each of the abovementioned periods is supplied by main events in the life of Pavlovsky. Total number of publications and the ratio between different types of publications is given, and the main publications and prevailing themes are also analyzed.
in Russian
Metacercariae of the trematode family Bucephalidae from cyprinid fish of the Gulf of Finland. P. 117-125.
Three species of trematode metacercariae of the family Bucephalidae have been found in the cyprinid fishes of the Gulf of Finland. Rhipidocotyle campanula is widespread and localizes only in gills. A metacercariae of R. fennica are first observed for the fauna of Russia, are also numerous, and are located in rays of fins and their muscles. For the Gulf of Finland, Bucephalus polymorphus is an invasive species together with its host bivalves Dreissena polymorpha. All early reports of B. polymorphus being found in the fish of the Gulf of Finland are unreliable.
in Russian
Pheromones of ixodid ticks in tick control: fifty years of studies, hopes, and frustrations. P. 126-136.
In the present review, the data on studies of pheromones of hard ticks (family Ixodidae) accumulated since the discovery of tick pheromones is briefly analyzed from the point of view of usage of these semiochemicals in tick control. Some disadvantages of the use of pheromones in tick control can be explained by peculiarities of their role in tick sexual behavior in the wild and also by complicated character of their life cycle. Perspective new methods of tick control are also mentioned.
in Russian
Abundances of male mosquitoes of the genera Culiseta and Culex (Diptera, Culicidae) in near-entrance parts of caves as a reflection of their different tolerances to low outdoor temperatures. P. 137-144.
The number of male mosquitoes of the genera Culiseta and Culex in the near-entrance parts of Sablino caves (Tosnensky district, Leningrad region) was studied during the autumn when the outdoor temperature decreased down to + 8 °C and lower. At outdoor temperatures from +1 to +3 °C, the number of Culiseta males (mainly C. annulata) in shelters was significantly higher than at +5 - + 8 °C, while the number of Culex males (mainly C. pipiens) in both temperature ranges was almost the same. It was confirmed that adults of Culiseta annulata are more resistant to low outdoor temperatures and, in temperature range of+5 - + 8 °C, they need shelters lesser than Culex pipiens. The association between relative abundances of males of Culiseta and Culex inside shelters and a combination of two factors, air temperature and humidity outside the caves, was also revealed.
in Russian
Molecular detection of Plasmodium vivax on dry blood spot in Eastern Sudan. P. 145-151.
Plasmodium vivax nowadays is emerging as one of the common causative species of malaria mainly in Sudan. Laboratory studies based on genomic approaches provide an alternative to identify the increased frequency of recurrent relapses of malaria infections and cases of low parasitemia such as P. vivax. The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of PCR and RDT to the gold standard diagnostics microscopy as a mean of detecting Plasmodium vivax parasites during active malaria. A total of 572 febrile patients were enrolled in the present study from Kassala, Halfa, and Eastern Nile area of Sudan. The sample was diagnosed by quality, insured microscopy, ICT (Immune-Chromatography Test) and PCR methods. The results indicated that the incidence of P. vivax infections among suspected malaria cases was relatively high. The total positive samples number of P. vivax by three methods was 164; while the three methods detected 71 (28.7%), 70 (28.3%), and 123 (38.8%), respectively. The study findings indicated the changing Plasmodium vivax distribution pattern which seemly attributed to the recent demographic movement and high rate of immigration from neighboring countries to the east region in the recent years; ending with such rising trend of P. vivax malaria in eastern Sudan due to which management of the dormant hypnozoite stage when treating the cases of relapsing malaria. In conclusion, detection of Plasmodium vivax gene showed superior capability to identify cases of low parasitemia compared to the gold standard diagnostic microscope methods and reliable mean for adequate detection and primarily tool for eliminating Plasmodium vivax malaria.
in Russian
Parasitic arthropods of the northern mole vole Ellobius talpinus Pallas, 1770 in the Southern Trans-Ural region (Kurgan oblast). P. 152-162.
Ectoparasites of the northern mole vole (Ellobius talpinus) were studied in the southern Trans-Ural region (Kurgan oblast) in the subzone of herb-bunchgrass steppe and the forest-steppe subzone of steppe zone. A total of 328 mole vole specimens were examined. 7639 specimens of parasitic arthropods were identified. These were represented by 20 species. Two groups of ectoparasites dominate - gamasid mites and lice, constituting 73.63 and 26.07 %, respecively. For them, the prevalence of specific species is pronounced (Hirstionyssus ellobii, Androlaelaps ellobii, and Polyplax ellobii). The role of ixodid ticks and fleas in the parasitofauna of the northern mole vole is negligible. In the studied area, the maximum species diversity of ectoparasites is characteristic of the southern forest-steppe strip, to the north and south of which there is a sharp impoverishment of the species composition. Due to the specific habitat of this species, limited interspecific interactions with other small vertebrates, the epizootic and epidemiological significance of the northern mole vole in the South Trans-Ural region is unlikely to be significant.
in Russian
Morphological identification and prevalence of the dog flea Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis, 1826) and the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché, 1835) in Dhaka City, Bangladesh. P. 163-172.
Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché, 1835) and Ctenocephalides canis (Curtis, 1826) are the most important flea parasites of dogs and cats throughout the world; they themselves affect the host and act as vectors of diseases. The main aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of Ctenocephalides spp. in both stray and pet dogs and cats in Dhaka City. A total of 25 flea infested dogs and 25 flea infested cats were collected from 57 dogs and 77 cats, respectively. A higher prevalence was recorded in stray dogs (61.11 %) and cats (79.17 %) than that in pet dogs (14.29 %) and cats (11.32 %). The prevalence of flea infestation was 48.28 % in young dogs and 39.29 % in adult dogs, respectively. In case of cats, 34.62 % young and 31.37 % adults were found to be infested by fleas. Among the examined dog fleas, 9 (60 %) were C. canis and 6 (40 %) were C. felis. Again, among the examined fleas of cats, 2 (13.33 %) were C. canis and 13 (86.77 %) were C. felis. Of the 11 C. canis identified, were 8 (72.73 %) female fleas and 3 (27.27 %) male fleas. Of the 19 examined C. felis identified as 18 (94.74 %) were female fleas and 1 (5.26 %) male flea. Both fleas have public health significance. Therefore, proper attention needs to be paid for the prevention of flea borne diseases through the control of dogs and cats.
in Russian
Chronicle. P. 173-176.
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in Russian