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Summary is absent.

In two lakes of Karelia the infection dynamics of vendace (Coregonus albula L.) with the cestode Proteocephalus exiguus (La Rue) was studied in the summer-autumn period. 2006 specimens of vendace were dissected. Regularities of variations in the infection extensiveness depend on ecological characters of a water body and are modelled by various polynomes.

The effect of phenol intoxication on the carotinoid pigments contents in haemolymph of Lymnaea fragilis (L.), Planorbarius corneus (L.) and P. purpura (O. F. Müller) in normal conditions and during their infection with parthenites of trematodes was studied. Under the effect of phenol intoxication the level of carotinoid pigments contents in haemolymph of non-infected and infected animals is inversely proportional to toxicant concentration. At the temperature of 20° there is preserved statistically reliable predominance of carotinoids in the haemolymph of non-infected individuals as compared to infected ones while at the temperature of 6° differences between them are missing.

Six new species of trematodes from the fishes of Eastern Atlantic are described; for three of them the new genus Ryjikovia is erected which differs from the related genera Neochasmus Van Cleave et Mueller, 1932 and Siphoderina Manter, 1934 by more anterior distribution of vitellaria and uterus. Ryjikovia formosa sp.n. was found in Umbrina canariensis and Pterothrissus bellocii; R. ovale sp.n. and R. elongata sp.n.— in Umbrina canariensis; Вucephaloides meridionalis sp.n.— in Lophius piscatorius, Coelorhynchus fasciatus and Pomadasis jubelini; Opechona acanthoris sp. n. in Scomber japonicus; Pseudacanthostomum magnivesiculum sp. n. in Dentex canariensis.

The contents of ovaries in females of H. italica, a dominant species in the subzone of mixed forests in the Pskov region, was investigated. Four age groups of females were arranged on the basis of combinations of various types of ovarioles and their diagnoses. Dynamics of age contents of horse flies attacking cattle during their flight activity is given. The methods of identification of physiological age of horse flies are discussed.

The fauna of some species of the genus Culicoides in the forests of the Novgorod region was studied. The method of calculatin "on person" has shown that C. riethi and C. punctatus are dominant species. The critical level of abundance of midges disturbing people in recreation areas was determined (6 to 10 bites of C. riethi midges for 15 minutes). It was noted that people avoided recreation areas if the number of bites was over 40 for 15 minutes of calculation "on person".

Data on morphology and ecology of unknown earlier larvae of T. appendiculatus Szil., T. indrae Hans., T. armeniacus Kröb. and T. rupium Br. of the group T. bromius are given. The following morphological characters of older instar larvae were used for taxonomic studies: shape and size of chaetoid areas, structure and shape of body, locomotive appendages and head details.

The burrow-nest life scheme of ixodid ticks, which was formed at the beginning of the Chalk, gave rise to the subsequent types of parasitism: pasture (end of the Chalk), pasture-burrow (end of Paleogene) and pasture-stall one (late Neogene). Changes in the climate in different geological epochs and regions together with the hosts' evolution, natural selection in the aggregate of variability and heredity of ixodids in their populations were the cause of the evolution.

Content and distribution of RNA, protein, DNA, glycogen and carbohydrate components in spores and vegetative spore forming stages Plasmodium of Henneguya cerebralis were described. Pathohistological changes in head tissus of Thymallus arcticus nigrescens are discussed. The conclusion on the relative youth of parasite system "H. cerebralis — Thymallus arcticus nigrescens" is made.

A new method is suggested for studying actual fecundity in bloodsucking midges of the genus Culicoides. Females fixed in alcohol and preserved in it within several years were dissected.

Possibility of determination of the actual fecundity of midges on females with mature eggs preserved in the collection (dry or in alcohol) for decades has been studied. The procedure of work is described. A list of species is given, in which the fecundity was determined in this way.

H-chlorphenyl ether of geraniol (1.5 to 0.05%) caused the mortality of all preimaginal stages of fleas of the species C. anisus. 0.025% dose of the preparation broke the normal course of metamorphosis that resulted in the delay of moulting periods of larvae, the formation of cocoons and hatching of imagos. All these deviations reduced the emergence of adults by 80 to 90%.

The effect of cestodes of the genus Diphyllobothrium on the lipoid contents of tissues of freshwater fishes has been studied. The level of general lipids in the liver of burbot and stickleback infected with plerocercoids of D. latum and D. vogeli, respectively, decreases. It occurs in general on account of decrease in contents of structural lipids, phospholipids, while the contents of triacylglycerines, cholesterol and its ethers change but negligibly. Simultaneous parasitism of plerocercoids of D. latum and Triaenophorus nodulosus in the liver of burbot causes especially great changes in the lipoid metabolism. Certain changes in the ratio of some phospholepid fractions take place in infected tissues: the decrease in the level of phosphatidylcholine and the parallel rise in the fraction of lysophosphatidylcholine. The ratio between other phospholipids virtually does not change.

Parasitological complex studies of the available eland stock (60 individuals) were first carried out. As a result 100% infection rate of the herd and the age dynamics of strongylatoses were revealed. The autopsy of animals have shown that five species of six species of nematodes and one species of cestodes are common parasites of ruminants of the Ukraine steppe zone and two species are specific parasites of eland. For sanitation of the herd an antihelminthic preparation produced in Hungary was used. The preparation decreased the initial infection rate to 7.3%.

13 species of reptiles from southern Uzbekistan were examined for the presence of oocysts of Coccidiae. 11 species of Coccidiae are first reported for Uzbekistan. 5 species are described: Eimeria hyschanica sp. n., E. eremiasica sp. n., Isospora testudae sp. n., I. kaschcadarinica sp. n. and I. guzarica sp. n.

Summary is absent.

Summary is absent.

Summary is absent.