Caspian Sea Biodiversity Project under umbrella of Caspian Sea Environment Program

1

Petromyzontidae Bonaparte, 1831

native

native

2

Caspiomyzon Berg, 1906

native

native

3

Caspiomyzon wagneri (Kessler, 1870)

Caspian Sea and tributaries in Europe (Ural, Volga, Terek, Kuma) and Asia. Before construction of dams, migrated to uppermost tributaries in Volga, Ural and Kura

native

native

4

Eudontomyzon Regan, 1911

introduced

5

Eudontomyzon mariae (Berg, 1931)

Tributaries of Baltic (Odra, Vistula, Neman drainages), northern Black (Danube to Kuban drainages) and Caspian Seas (River Sura, Volga drainage). In Danube, restricted to tributaries below Iron Gate; a record from upper Morava system (Czech Republic).

introduced

6

Lampetra Bonnaterre, 1788

native

7

Lampetra fluviatilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Ireland, Great Britain north to Scotland, Atlantic coast of France, North Sea north to Scotland and about Bergen (Norway), Baltic Sea basin; Mediterranean along French and western Italian coasts. Occasional records in Adriatic and Ionian Seas and along coasts of Iberian Peninsula. Migrates into rivers of this area. Landlocked populations known from Lakes Ladoga and Onega (Russia), Loch Lomond (Scotland) and some lakes in Finland.

native

8

Lampetra planeri (Bloch, 1784)

Great Britain north to Scottish Highlands, rivers draining to North Sea north to Scotland and about Stavanger (Norway), Baltic Sea basin, Atlantic as far south as Adour drainage (France, Spain), Mediterranean basin in France and western Italy (south to about Tevere drainage). Locally in Ireland, upper Volga, upper Danube and some of their tributaries, Pescara drainage on Adriatic coast of Italy

native

9

Acipenseridae Bonaparte, 1831

native

native

10

Acipenser Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

11

Acipenser baerii baicalensis Nikolsky, 1896

Baikal Lake and tributaries (Selenga, Barguzin, Verkhnyaya Angara)

introduced

12

Acipenser baerii chatys Drjagin, 1948

Siberian rivers from Lena to Kolyma

introduced

13

Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt et Ratzeburg, 1833 (s.l.)

Caspian, Black and Azov Sea basins. Aquaculture resulted in intentional and accidental introductions throughout Europe

native

native

14

Acipenser nudiventris Lovetsky, 1828

Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Seas, ascending some rivers (Danube up to Bratislava, Volga up to Kazan, Ural up to Chkalov), unknown or very rare in others. Introduced in lake Balkhash (Kazakhstan) from River Syr-Darya, Aral basin in the 1960s

native

native

15

Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897

Caspian basin, most abundant in southern part

native

native

16

Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758

Rivers draining to Black, Azov and Caspian Seas; Siberia from Ob eastwards to Yenisei drainages. Introduced in Pechora drainage in 1928-1950 and in Lake Ladoga basin.

native

native

17

Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771

Caspian, Black, Asov and Aegean Seas, ascending rivers to spawn

native

native

18

Huso Brandt et Ratzeburg, 1833

native

native

19

Huso huso  (Linnaeus, 1758)

Caspian, Black, Azov and Adriatic Sea basins

native

native

20

Polyodontidae Bonaparte, 1837

introduced

introduced

21

Polyodon Lacépède, 1797

introduced

introduced

22

Polyodon spathula (Walbaum, 1792)

Native range in Mississippi drainage. Cultivated in several countries (e. g., Russia, Greece, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Austria); in Russia it has been released in several water bodies where it is occasionally caught, but there is no evidence that it has established breeding populations.

introduced

introduced

23

Anguillidae Rafinesque, 1815

introduced

introduced

24

Anguilla Schrank, 1798

introduced

introduced

25

Anguilla anguilla (Linnaeus, 1758)

All European rivers draining to Mediterranean, North and Baltic Seas and to Atlantic south to Canary Islands. Very rarely entering White and Barents Seas, recorded eastwards to Pechora. Small numbers enter Black Sea, migrating east to Kuban drainage. Occasional individuals reach Volga drainage through canals. Stocked in most inland waters. Large parts of the population stay at sea (north-western Atlantic and Mediterranean).

introduced

introduced

26

Clupeidae Cuvier, 1816

native

native

27

Alosa Linck, 1790

native

native

28

Alosa braschnikowi (Borodin, 1904)

whole Caspian Sea, does not enter rivers

native

native

29

Alosa caspia (Eichwald, 1838)

Caspian Sea from where adults ascend rivers, migrating a short distance upstream to spawn

native

native

30

Alosa caspia knipowitschi (Iljin, 1927)

South-West Caspian Sea, spawns in coastal waters

native

native

31

Alosa caspia persica (Iljin, 1927)

South-East Caspian Sea, spawns in coastal waters

native

native

32

Alosa kessleri (Grimm, 1887)

Capian Sea from where adults ascend Volga (only few fish enter Ural and Terek) to spawn. Earlier reached upriver up to Kama and Oka systems. Migrations now blocked by Volgograd dam

native

native

33

Alosa saposchnikowii (Grimm, 1887)

Central and South Caspian Sea, migrates to North-east Caspian for spawning

native

native

34

Alosa sphaerocephala (Berg, 1913)

North Caspian Sea, does not enter rivers;

native

native

35

Alosa volgensis (Berg, 1913)

Caspian Sea from where adults ascend Volga (only few fish enter Ural and Terek) to spawn. Does not penetrate far upstream, in Volga spawns between delta and Volgograd

native

native

36

Clupeonella Kessler, 1877

native

native

37

Clupeonella caspia Svetovidov, 1941

whole Caspian Sea; migrates to deltas of Volga and Ural for spawning

native

native

38

Clupeonella engrauliformis (Borodin, 1904)

deep parts of Central and South Caspian Sea (rear in Northern part), does not aproach inshores

native

native

39

Clupeonella grimmi Kessler, 1877

Central and South Caspian Sea

native

native

40

Clupeonella tscharchalensis (Borodin, 1896)

native in Charkhal lake (Ural River system), Volga delta, backwaters at Saratov (Middle Volga)

native

native

41

Cyprinidae Fleming, 1822

native

native

42

Acheilognathinae Bleeker, 1863

native

43

Rhodeus Agassiz, 1832

native

44

Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782)

Native in Lower Danube, in Dniester, Dnieper, Don, Middle Volga; invasive and/or introduced in many areas in Europe

native

45

Rhodeus sp "caspiomeridionalis"

Bogutskaya et Naseka (in press)

lower reaches of rivers of South-West and South Caspian Sea from Kura in the north

native

46

Barbinae Bleeker, 1859

native

native

47

Barbus Cuvier, 1816

native

48

Barbus ciscaucasicus Kessler, 1877

Western Caspian basin, from Terek to Samur drainages in northern Caucasus, Daghestan and Azerbaidjan. After construction of Kuma-Manych canal, invaded Chograiskoie Reservoir (Eastern Manych drainage).

native

49

Barbus cyri Filippi, 1865

Kura River and rivers of he Caspian Sea in Iran (probably to Atrek)

native

50

Barbus goktschaicus Kessler, 1877

Lake Sevan with tributaries (Armenia)

native

51

Barbus mursa (Gueldenstaedt, 1773)

Kura River basin

native

52

Capoeta Valenciennes, 1842

native

53

Capoeta capoeta capoeta (Gueldenstaedt, 1773)

Kura River basin (excluding Sevan Lake)

native

54

Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Keyserling, 1861)

Caspian Sea basin from Lenkoran to Atrek River; Lake Urmia (Rezaj'eh)

native

55

Capoeta capoeta sevangi Filippi, 1865

Lake Sevan with tributaries (Armenia)

native

56

Capoeta capoeta heratensis Keyserling, 1861

Tedzhen (Herirud) and Murgab rivers in Afghanistan and Turkmenistan

introduced

57

Luciobarbus Heckel, 1843

native

native

58

Luciobarbus brachycephalus (Kessler, 1872)

Aral basin and southern and western Caspian Sea. For spawning, migrates up larger affluents of western and southern coasts: Terek, Samur, Kura, lower Aras. Rarely in lower Volga (up to Volgograd) and Ural.

native

native

59

Luciobarbus capito (Gueldenstaedt, 1773)

Caspian basin, for spawning migrates up larger affluents of western and southern coasts, from Volga southwards to Atrek (Iran). Was always very rare in Volga. Aral basin, in Amu, Darya, Syr Darya and Chu drainages

native

native

60

Squaliobarbinae Rainboth, 1991

introduced

introduced

61

Ctenopharyngodon Steindachner, 1866

introduced

introduced

62

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, 1844)

Native in East Asia from Amur R. drainage (middle and lower parts) down to Xi Jang (south China). Widely released, introduced and stocked all over the world.

introduced

introduced

63

Mylopharyngodon  Peters, 1881

introduced

64

Mylopharyngodon  piceus (Richardson, 1846)

Native in East Asia from Amur R. drainage (lower parts) down to Xi Jang (south China). Widely released, introduced and stocked all over the world.

introduced

65

Cyprininae Bonaparte, 1831

native

native

66

Carassius Jarocki, 1822

native

native

67

Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Reported to be native to East Asia, from Amur to Xi Jiang drainages in Russia, China, Korea and Japan, but several species apparently confused under a single name, as demonstrated by available data on Japanese populations. Domesticated in China more than 1000 years ago, introduced to Japan in 16th century and from Japan imported to Europe in 1611 (Portugal), 1691 (England) and 1755 (France). Introduced throughout Europe and most of the world. Unambiguous data on distribution in Europe are not available because usually confused with C. gibelio.

introduced

68

Carassius carassius (Linnaeus, 1758)

North, Baltic, White, Barents, Black and Caspian Sea basins; Aegean Sea basin only in Maritza drainage; eastwards to Lena drainage (Siberia); westwards to Rhine and eastern drainages of England. Absent from North Sea basin in Sweden and Norway. In Baltic basin north to about 66°N. Widely introduced in Italy, England and France but maybe often confused with C. gibelio.

native

native

69

Carassius gibelio (Bloch, 1782)

Usually considered as native to central and eastern Europe to Siberia and introduced in European waters from eastern Asia. Unambiguous data on original distribution in Europe not available because of introduction, confusion with C. auratus and complex reproductive modes. Today widespread and commonly stocked together with Cyprinus carpio which is transported all over Europe. Possibly native in Maritza and Struma drainages (Aegean Sea basin). Absent in northern Baltic basin, Iceland, Ireland, Scotland and Mediterranean islands.

native

native

70

Cyprinus Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

71

Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758

Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins, rivers of Arctic Ocean to Kolyma in the east. Introduced all over the world, ñultivated in large quantities for human food and stocked for sport fishing.

native

native

72

Gobioninae Jordan et Fowler, 1903

native

73

Gobio Cuvier, 1816

native

native

74

Gobio holurus Fowler, 1976

Russia: Kuma, Terek and Sulak drainages in Western Caspian basin

native

75

Gobio gobio (Linnaeus, 1758)

Baltic Sea basin, Severnaya Dvina, Volga

native

76

Pseudorasbora Bleeker, 1859

introduced

77

Pseudorasbora parva (Temminck et Schlegel, 1846)

Native from Amur to Zhujiang (Pearl River) drainages (Russia, Korea, China), Japan (Honshu westward from Kanto District, Shikoku, Kyusu). Introduced to Hokkaido. In Europe: introduced to Romania in 1961 with fry of Ctenopharyngodon idella from middle Changjiang [Yangtze] and to Russia and Ukraine from Amur; from where it colonised most of Europe, either by active invasion, as stocked or released bait, or accidentally mixed with fingerlings of other species. Now widespread especially in eastern Europe (Danube to Kuban drainages, east to Volga and south to Kuma), but still spreading in central, western and southern Europe, having reached France (Seine, Rhône, Loire), Italy (south to Ombrone), England, Denmark, Spain, Greece, Turkey and Algeria.

introduced

78

Romanogobio Bănărescu, 1961

native

79

Romanogobio albipinnatus (Lukasch, 1933)

Northern Caspian basin (Volga, Ural).

native

80

Romanogobio ciscaucasicus (Berg, 1932)

Western Caspian basin: from Kuma (Russia) to Yalaminskie (Azerbaidjan) drainages

native

81

Romanogobio macropterus (Kamensky, 1901)

Kura River

native

82

Leuciscinae Bonaparte, 1837

native

native

83

Abramis Cuvier, 1816

native

native

84

Abramis brama (Linnaeus, 1758)

Most European drainages, from Adour (southeastern France, Atlantic basin) to Pechora (White Sea basin); Aegean Sea basin, in Lake Volvi and Struma and Maritza drainages. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Italy, Scotland, Scandinavia north of Bergen (Norway) and 67°N (Finnland). Locally introduced in Ireland, Spain and northeastern Italy. In Asia, Marmara basin (Turkey) and eastwards to Aral basin. Introduced in Lake Baikal and upper Ob and Yenisei drainages. In Turkey, this fish is distributed in Thracian and Northwestern Anatolian lakes, in Sakaraya and Yesilirmak (Kuru, 1972; Erk’akan, 1983). Not reported from Coruh or other rivers in Western Transcaucasia (Berg, 1949b; Kuru, 1971).

native

native

85

Acanthalburnus Berg, 1916

native

86

Acanthalburnus microlepis (de Filippi, 1863)

This species is endemic for the Kura-Aras basin. Probably also in Sefid of Iran. Distributed in the upper and middle reaches of Kura with tributaries downstream to Mingetchiaur and of Aras downstream to Karadonly (Azerbaijan).

native

87

Alburnoides Jeitteles, 1861

native

88

Alburnoides ciscaucasicus Bogutskaya et Spodareva (in press)

Kuma to Samur, western Caspian Sea coast

native

89

Alburnoides eichwaldii (Filippi, 1863)

rivers of the south-west and south Caspian Sea from Kura to Atrek; rivers of the northern slope of El'brus; Murghab, Upper Amu darya, Kashka Darya, Zeravshan upstream from about Samarkand.

native

90

Alburnoides rossicus Berg, 1924

Dniester to Volga

native

91

Alburnus Rafinesque, 1820

native

92

Alburnus alburnus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Most of Europe north of Caucasus (absent from Caspian basin south of Volga), Pyrénées and Alps, eastwards to Ural and Emba. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Aegean basin (except Evros drainage), Italy, Ireland, Great Britain (except southeast), Norway and Scandinavia north of 67°N,. Locally introduced in Spain

native

93

Alburnus chalcoides (Gueldenstaedt, 1772)

Caspian (mostly western and southwestern coast, from Ural, Volga to Safid-Rud drainages), and Aral Sea basins

native

94

Alburnus filippi Kessler, 1877

Widely distributed in the Kura-Aras basin, rivers of Lenkoran’ Province and Safid Rud. In Kura and Aras it is spread from the very headwaters to the lower reaches with the tributaries. It is known from the lakes Cildir in Turkey (ZISP and ZMH material) and Arpilitsh in Armenia (Dadikian, 1986) which are located over 3000 m above sea level.

native

95

Alburnus hohenackeri Kessler, 1877

Western and southwestern Caspian basin, from Kuma to Safid-Rud drainages.

native

96

Aristichthys Oshima, 1919

introduced

97

Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845)

native in Central and South China from Huang He down to Xi Jiang. Widely introduced and stocked all over the world

introduced

98

Aspius Agassiz, 1832

native

native

99

Aspius aspius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Large rivers draining to North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Baltic Sea (southern tributaries, Norway east of Oslo, southern Sweden, Kokemären drainage in southern Finland), Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Seas; Aegean Sea, from Maritza to Lake Volvi drainages. Absent in Black Sea basin south of Danube and Rioni (Georgia) drainages, but present in Turkey west of Ankara. Introduced in Rhine, Northern Dvina and lake Balkhash (Asia). Populations of Aral Sea basin usually referred to present species may represent a distinct species, A. iblioides (Kessler, 1872).

native

native

100

Aspius aspius iblioides (Kessler, 1872)

lower and middle sections of Amu and  Syr Darya; appeared in Kashkadarya and Zaravshan through canals from Amu

native

native

101

Aspius aspius taeniatus (Eichwald, 1831)

Kura River and rives of the South Caspian Sea

native

102

Ballerus Heckel, 1843

native

native

103

Ballerus ballerus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Large rivers draining to Baltic Sea (absent in northern Sweden and Finland north of 62°N), North Sea (Weser, Elbe), Black Sea, Sea of Azov (Don) and Caspian Sea (abundant in Volga, rare in Ural).

native

native

104

Ballerus sapa (Pallas, 1814)

Large rivers draining to Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Seas. Introduced or native to Northern Dvina drainage (White Sea basin) where it is quickly spreading from warmer upper reaches (Vychegda system) northwards. Introduced in River Volkhov (a Lake Ladoga tributary), in Rhine in 1995 and invasive in Vistula drainage, coming from Black Sea basin through Prypet-Bug canal (connecting Dniepr and Vistula drainages).

native

native

105

Blicca Heckel, 1843 

native

native

106

Blicca bjoerkna (Linnaeus, 1758)

North, Baltic, White, Black (south to Rioni drainage) and Caspian Sea (from Emba and Ural to Kura) basins, Atlantic basin southwards to Adour drainage (France; possibly introduced southwards of Loire) and Mediterranean basin in France (Hérault and Rhône drainages). In Aral, Marmara and Anatolian Black Sea basins west of Ankara. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Italy, Adriatic basin, Crimea, Great Britain (except southeast), Scandinavia north of Sundsvall ( Sweden) and 65°N (Finland). Locally introduced in Spain, northeastern Italy. In France apparently introduced in small coastal drainages of Var.

native

native

107

Blicca bjoerkna transcaucasica Berg, 1916

Kura River, rivers of Lenkoran District of Azerbaijan

native

108

Chondrostoma Agassiz, 1832

native

native

109

Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum Kessler, 1877

West Caspian basin, from Kuma to Samur drainages

native

110

Chondrostoma oxyrhynchum cyri Kessler, 1877

Kura-Aras river system

native

111

Chondrostoma variabile Jakovlev, 1870

Caspian basin, in Emba, Ural and Volga (with Oka and Kama) drainages; Black Sea basin, in Don drainage.

native

native

112

Hypophthalmichthys Bleeker, 1859

introduced

113

Hypophthalmichthys molitrix (Valenciennes, 1844)

Native to most major Pacific drainages of East Asia from Amur to Xi Jiang. Used in aquaculture in Europe, Asia and North America; introduced in most European and Central Asian drainages

introduced

114

Leucalburnus Berg, 1916

native

115

Leucalburnus satunini (Berg, 1910)

Upperwaters of the Kura R. in Turkey

native

116

Leucaspius Heckel et Kner, 1858

native

117

Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel, 1843)

Europe: from Rhine to Southern Baltic and southern most Sweden; in Onega and Severnaya Dvina rivers (Barents Sea basin) probably invasive (through canals); North-West Black Sea and Sea of Azov basins; northern and western Caspian basin (south to Lower Kura drainage; invasive in upper Aras in Armenia); Aegean Sea basin (from Maritsa to Nestos); widely introduced in western Siberia

native

118

Leuciscus Cuvier, 1816

native

native

119

Leuciscus idus  (Linnaeus, 1758)

Baltic, Black, northern Caspian and North Sea basins, Atlantic basin southwards to Seine and lower Loire drainages (France). Absent in Scandinavia north of 69°N. In Asia, eastwards to Lena drainage and Aral basin. Introduced in Great Britain

native

native

120

Leuciscus leuciscus (Linnaeus, 1758)

North, Baltic, White and Barents Sea basins; Caspian basin, in Volga and Ural drainages; Black Sea basin, from Danube to Dniepr drainages; Atlantic basin southwards to Seine drainage; Mediterranean basin from Rhône to Arc drainages (France). Almost absent from Danube main river in Romania, in Scandinavia north of 69°N and most of central Finland. In Siberia eastwards to Kolyma drainage

native

121

Phoxinus Rafinesque, 1820

native

122

Phoxinus (Phoxinus) phoxinus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Basins of Atlantic, North and Baltic Seas, Arctic and northern Pacific Ocean from Garonne (France) eastwards to Anadyr and Amur drainages and Korea; upper and middle Volga and Ural drainages, Lake Balkhash (Kazakhstan), Chu drainage, Issyk-kul Lake

native

123

Pseudophoxinus Bleeker, 1860

native

124

Pseudophoxinus atropatenus (Derzhavin, 1937)

Kura River basin

native

125

Pseudophoxinus sojuchbulagi (Abdurakhmanov, 1950)

Kura River basin

native

126

Rutilus Rafinesque, 1820

native

native

127

Rutilus caspicus (Jakovlev, 1870)

Northern and north-western Caspian Sea. For spawning, enters Volga, Ural, Emba, Terek and Kura deltas and lower reaches

native

native

128

Rutilus frisii kutum (Kamensky, 1901)

Caspian basin, from Terek to Atrek drainages, very rarely in northern Caspian basin (Volga [earlier up to Perm], Ural).

native

native

129

Rutilus rutilus rutilus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Europe north of Pyrénées and Alps, eastwards to Ural and Eya drainages (Caspian basin). Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Italy, Great Britain, Scandinavia north of 69°N. Aegean basin, in Pinios, Vardar, Vegoritis, Kastoria, Struma and Maritza drainages. Locally introduced in Spain. Introduced and invasive in northeastern Italy.

native

native

130

Rutilus rutilus schelkovnikovi Derzhavin, 1926

Kura River basin

native

131

Rutilus rutilus uzboicus Berg, 1932

lakes in Uzboi Plain (the former Amu Darya - Caspian Sea river bed)

native

132

Scardinius Bonaparte, 1837

native

native

133

Scardinius  erythrophthalmus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Most European rivers north of Pyrénées and Alps, eastwards to Ural and Eya drainages, Aral and White Sea basins; Black Sea basin in Europe and northern Asia Minor. Present in Irland. Naturally absent from Iberian Peninsula, Adriatic basin, Italy, Greece south of Pinios drainage, Great Britain north of 54°N, Scandinavia north of 62°N. Introduced in Spain and Corsica

native

native

134

Squalius Bonaparte, 1837

native

native

135

Squalius cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)

North, Baltic, Black, White, Barents and Caspian Sea basins, Atlantic basin southwards to Adour drainage (France), British Isles (___), Scandinavia: southern Finland, Sweden north to about Stockholm. Mediterranean basin from Ebro (Spain; see S. narbonnensis) to Var (France) drainages. Absent from Italy and Adriatic basin. In western Caspian drainage from Volga and Ural to Iran, in Asia Minor everywhere, in Orontes, Quwaiq, and in the Tigris-Euphrates basin. Traditionally, in Eastern Black sea basin and further east - a subspecies Squalius cephalus orientalis.

native

native

136

Squalius cephalus orientalis (Nordman, 1840)

Eastern Black sea basin and further east

native

137

Vimba Fitzinger, 1873

native

native

138

Vimba vimba persa (Pallas, 1814)

Caspian Sea basin

native

native

139

Pelecinae

native

native

140

Pelecus Agassiz, 1835

native

native

141

Pelecus cultratus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins; Baltic basin from Vistula to Neva drainages, southern Sweden and Finland, Lakes Ladoga and Onega. Occasionally on Baltic coast west of Vistula and on Finnish coast north of 61°N.

native

native

142

Tincinae Kryzhanovsky, 1947

native

native

143

Tinca Cuvier, 1816

native

native

144

Tinca tinca (Linnaeus, 1758)

native in most of Europe, naturally absent only in Ireland, Scandinavia north of 61°30’, eastern Adriatic basin and western and southern Greece where it is now introduced. In Asia, native eastwards to western Yenisei drainage south of 60°N. Introduced in North and South Africa, Tasmania, Australia, New Zealand, India, North America, Chile and probably elsewhere

native

native

145

Catostomidae

introduced

146

Ictiobus Rafinesque, 1820

introduced

147

Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque, 1818)

native in North America; widely stocked in Europe

introduced

148

Ictiobus cyprinellus (Valenciennes, 1844)

native in North America; widely stocked in Europe

introduced

149

Ictiobus niger (Rafinesque, 1820)

native in North America; widely stocked in Europe

introduced

150

Cobitidae Swainson, 1839

native

native

151

Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

152

Cobitis melanoleuca Nichols, 1925

Don, Kuban, Volga, Ural and Emba drainages. Most Siberian drainages (probably a distinct species, C. sibirica), eastwards to Amur and Hwang He (China).

native

native

153

Cobitis "satunini" = ??Cobitis hohenackeri Kessler, 1877

rivers of the Caspian coast south from the Caucasus; whole range not known

native

154

Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758

Europe north of the Pyrénées and Alps, from Adour to upper Volga drainages; Baltic basin south of 61ºN; northern Black Sea basin (except Danube). Missing in Rhône drainage (France)

native

155

Misgurnus La Cepède, 1803

native

native

156

Misgurnus fossilis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Europe north of Alps, from Meuse eastwards to Neva drainages and Lake Ladoga; northern Black Sea basin from Danube eastwards to Kuban; Caspian basin in Volga and Ural drainages. In Black Sea basin, absent south of Danube and Kuban. Not native in Great Britain, Scandinavia, Apennine and Iberian Peninsulas, Crimea, Adriatic and Aegean basins and White Sea basin. Locally introduced in Rhône drainage (France) and maybe elsewhere

native

native

157

Sabanejewia Vladykov, 1929

native

158

Sabanejewia aurata (Filippi, 1863)

tributaries to the South Caspian Sea in Iran

native

159

Sabanejewia caspia (Eichwald, 1838)

Lower reaches of rivers of South-West and South Caspian Sea from Kura in the north

native

160

Sabanejewia caucasica (Berg, 1906)

Northwestern Caspian basin, Terek, Kuma, Sulak and Shura-Ozen drainages.

native

161

Balitoridae Swainson, 1839

native

162

Barbatula Linck, 1790

native

163

Barbatula araxensis (Banarescu et Nalbant, 1978)

Araxes River (Kura tributary) in Turkey

native

164

Barbatula barbatula (Linnaeus, 1758)

north of Caucasus, Pyrénées and Alps, from Loire and Rhône drainages eastwards; British Isles (except northern Scotland), southern Sweden and Finland (northwards to about 66°N), Danube drainage

native

165

Barbatula barbatula caucasica (Berg, 1898)

Lower reaches of Terek River, Caspian basin

?

166

Barbatula bergiana (Derzhavin, 1934)

Safid Rud, Araxes drainage in north-western Iran

native

167

Barbatula tigris cyri (Berg, 1910)

Upper Kura River

native

168

Oxynoemacheilus Banarescu & Nalbant, 1966

native

169

Barbatula (Oxynoemacheilus) brandti (Kessler, 1877)

Kura River

native

170

Barbatula (Oxynoemacheilus) merga (Krynicki, 1840)

Western Caspian basin in Europe: Kuma, Terek, Sulak, Shura-ozen and Samur drainages. Records from Kuban drainage need confirmation.

native

171

Paracobitis Bleeker, 1863

native

172

Paracobitis malapterura (Valenciennes, 1846)

rivers of Caspian Iran, Atrek River

native

173

Ictaluridae Gill, 1861

introduced

174

Ictalurus Rafinesque, 1820

introduced

175

Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818)

Native to North America, in Hudson Bay, Great Lakes-St Lawrence and Mississippi drainages, and rivers inbetween. Widely introduced in North America. Introduced for aquaculture in Europe. Self-sustaining populations recorded in lower Ebro (Spain), River Oglio and Pavia Province (northern Italy), and lower Kuban and Don drainages. Might occur in other areas.

introduced

176

Siluridae Cuvier, 1816

native

native

177

Silurus Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

178

Silurus glanis Linnaeus, 1758

North, Baltic, Black, Caspian and Aral Sea basins, as far north as southern Sweden and Finland; Aegean Sea basin, in Maritza and from Stuma to Sperchios drainages; Turkey. Absent from rest of Mediterranean basin. Introduced in Rhône drainage in 1857 and in British Isles during second half of 19th century. Now widely introduced and translocated throughout Europe and Lake Balkhash basin (Kazakhstan).

native

native

179

Esocidae Cuvier, 1816

native

native

180

Esox Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

181

Esox lucius Linnaeus, 1758

Caspian, Black, Baltic, White, Barents, Arctic, North and Aral Seas and Atlantic basins, southwest to Adour drainage; Mediterranean basin, in Rhône drainage and northern Italy. Widely distributed in North America and Siberia eastwards to Anadyr drainage (Bering Sea basin). Historically absent from Iberian Peninsula, Mediterranean France, central Italy, southern and western Greece, eastern Adriatic basin, Iceland, western Norway and northern Scotland. Now widely introduced and translocated throughout Europe

native

native

182

Osmeridae Regan, 1913

native

183

Osmerus Linnaeus, 1758

native

184

Osmerus eperlanus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Coastal waters of White, Barents, Baltic and North Seas, Great Britain, western Ireland, Atlantic Ocean southwards to Garonne estuary. Landlocked populations in lakes of coastal areas of North, Baltic, White and Barents Seas. North to about 68°N in Scandinavia. Upper Volga River.

native

185

Coregonidae Cope, 1872

native

native

186

Coregonus Linnaeus, 1758

native

187

Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758)

Baltic basin, lakes of upper Volga drainage (Seliger, Vseluga, Perejaslavskoe), some lakes of White Sea basin and North Sea basin east of Elbe drainage. Anadromous in Gulf of Finland and northernmost freshened part of Gulf of Bothnia. Frequently stocked in lakes and reservoirs in Europe and Siberia.

native

188

Coregonus baunti Mukhomediyarov, 1948

Baunt Lakes (Upper Vitim R. system, Lena River drainage)

introduced

189

Coregonus lutokka Kottelat, Bogutskaya et Freyhof, 2005

Lake Ladoga, introduced to many natural and artificial water bodies in European and Siberian parts of Russia

introduced

190

Coregonus maraenoides Polyakov, 1874

Lake Peipus (Pskovsko-Chudskoye) (Estonia, Russia), connected rivers and lakes to the west; introduced in many lakes of northern Russia, in lakes in the Ural region of Russia, Poland, Germany,  Balkash Lake (Kazakhstan).

introduced

191

Coregonus peled (Gmelin, 1789)

Arctin Basin from Mezen' R. to Kolyma R.; widely stocked and introduced in the former USSR and adjacent countries

introduced

192

Coregonus vessicus Drjagin, 1933

Russia: Native in Lake Belozero (Beloe, Beloe Ozero), northern Volga drainage; invasive in upper and middle Volga reservoirs downriver to Saratov reservoir

native

193

Stenodus Richardson, 1836

native

native

194

Stenodus leucichthys (Gueldenstaedt, 1772)

Caspian Sea (commonly central and southern Caspian in summer), Volga, Ural and Terek drainages

native

native

195

Thymallidae Gill, 1884

native

196

Thymallus Cuvier, 1829

native

197

Thymallus thymallus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Barents Sea basin west of River Ob, White, Caspian, Black, Baltic, White and North Sea basins, Atlantic westwards to Loire drainage; Rhône drainage. Introduced in Po and Soca drainages, and over most of southern and central Finland.

native

198

Salmonidae Cuvier, 1816

native

199

Hucho Günther, 1866

native

200

Hucho taimen (Pallas, 1773)

Arctic Ocean basin: in Siberia from Ob’ to Yana drainages; Okhotsk Sea basin: Amur and some adjacent drainages; in Europe, some upper tributaries of Pechora, and Kama (with tributaries Vyatka, Belaya, Vishera, Chusovaya) in Volga drainage. Before damming of Kama, used to enter Volga and to reach downriver to Samara.

native

201

Oncorhynchus Suckley, 1861

introduced

introduced

202

Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum, 1792)

Native to northern Pacific basin in Russia, Japan, North China and North America. Original (freshwater) spawning grounds ranged from central California to near Mackenzie River in arctic Canada and, on Asian side, from North Korea to Jana and Lena drainages in arctic Russia. In Bering Sea north of about 40°N and from Bering Strait north-east to Point Barrow and north-west to Lena estuary. In 1956-78, over 200 million eggs were shipped from Sakhalin Islands to Kola Peninsula (Murmansk region) and White Sea. Now established in that area, especially odd-year lineage. Regular adult returns are known north to River Tenojoki and Näätämöjoki (Finland, Norway) and east to Ienissei. Occasionally found in North Sea and northern Atlantic (Iceland, Scotland). Introduced into Black and Baltic Seas without success.

introduced

introduced

203

Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum, 1792)

sea-run; North Pacific, Sea of Okhotsk, Bering and Japan seas

introduced

introduced

204

Parasalmo Vladykov, 1972

introduced

introduced

205

Parasalmo mykiss (Walbaum, 1792)

resident form: Pacific coast of America from California to Alaska; in Eurasia, only in rivers and lakes of Kamchatka and Shantarskiye Islands.

introduced

introduced

206

Salmo Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

207

Salmo ischchan ischchan Kessler, 1877

Sevan Lake

native

208

Salmo ischchan gegarkuni Kessler, 1877

Sevan Lake

native

209

Salmo ischchan danilewskii Gul'elmi, 1888

Sevan Lake

native

210

Salmo ischchan aestivalis Fortunatov, 1926

Sevan Lake

native

211

Salmo trutta caspius Kessler, 1877

Southern Caspian basin from Kura river in the north

native

native

212

Salmo trutta ciscaucasicus Dorofeyeva, 1967

Coastal zone of western Caspian Sea, drainages from northern Azerbaidjan to Volga and Ural. Main spawning river was Terek.

native

native

213

Lotidae Bonaparte, 1837

native

native

214

Lota Oken, 1817

native

native

215

Lota lota (Linnaeus, 1758)

Europe: from Loire drainage (France) eastwards to White, Barents and Arctic Sea basins; upper Volga drainage; south-eastern Caspian basin; rivers draining to Black Sea; Rhône drainage (France); in Italy, native only in Po drainage; eastern England (now extinct). In Siberia eastwards to Alaska. Amur river. Sakhalin Island. Originally absent from Iberian Peninsula, central and southern Italy, Adriatic basin, Greece, Ireland, western and northern Great Britain and western France.

native

native

216

Mugilidae Bonaparte, 1831

introduced

introduced

217

Liza Jordan et Swain, 1884

introduced

introduced

218

Liza aurata (Risso, 1810)

Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov

introduced

introduced

219

Liza haematocheilus (Temminck et Schlegel, 1845)

coastal shallow waters, freshwater; Japan (Hokkaido to Kyushu), Amur R. southward to Xiamen through Korean Peninsula; introduced and established in Black and Azov Seas, in Aegean basin (also reported from Adriatic)

introduced

220

Liza saliens (Risso, 1810)

Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov

introduced

introduced

221

Atherinidae Risso, 1827

native

native

222

Atherina Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

223

Atherina boyeri Risso, 1810

Atlantic, Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov

native

native

224

Poeciliidae

introduced

introduced

225

Gambusia Poey, 1854

introduced

introduced

226

Gambusia affinis (Baird et Girard, 1853)

introduced

227

Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859

Native to North America, from Delaware drainage to Florida and Alabama. Introduced worldwide; established throughout southern Europe. Atlantic coast of France north to Loire estuary. Locally in southern Caspian basin and coastal areas of Black Sea basin

introduced

introduced

228

Poecilia Bloch et Schneider, 1801

introduced

229

Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859

Native to Venezuela, Guyana and adjacent islands. Introduced worldwide. Established in Mijares drainage (Spain). Populations have also established in many hot springs in Hungary and Romania and, at least temporarily, in warm effluents of power plants in many countries (e.g., England, Netherlands, Germany, Russia).

introduced

230

Gasterosteidae Bonaparte, 1831

native

native

231

Gasterosteus Linnaeus, 1758

introduced

introduced

232

Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758

In Europe: North Sea coasts of Scotland and Scandinavia, coasts of Iceland and White Sea, Atlantic coasts from Ireland northwards, south-eastern shore of Baltic Sea and its basin (Odra and Vistula drainages), shores of Black Sea and its northern basin (from Danube to Kuban drainages). Almost absent inland in Finland, except north of 68°N. Hybrid zone with G. gymnurus in Channel, southern North Sea, Baltic Sea and their basins. Introduced in northern Italy; invasive in some rivers of North-Western Caspian Coast .

introduced

introduced

233

Pungitius Coste, 1848

native

native

234

Pungitius platygaster (Kessler, 1859)

Lower course of rivers draining to northern shore of Black, Caspian (from Emba to Kuma) Sea basins, Volga as far upstream as Rybinsk; Danube drainage as far upstream as Belgrad; isolated populations in Axios and Aliakmon drainages (Greece).

native

native

235

Pungitius platygaster aralensis (Kessler, 1877)

Lower and middle reaches of Amu-Darya and Syr-Darya, Sary-su River, Lower Chu River; headwaters of Ob' river (Nura River, Kurgal'dzhin Lake)

?

236

Pungitius pungitius (Linnaeus, 1758)

Coastal areas of northern Europe, from Netherlands to northern Russia, including southern Norway and Baltic basin. Widespread inland in eastern Scandinavia. Extends eastwards to Siberia (but absent from Sea of Okhotsk basin and Amur River), but it remains to be demonstrated that Asian populations are conspecific with European ones.

introduced

237

Syngnathidae Bonaparte, 1831

native

native

238

Syngnathus Linnaeus, 1758

nativeintroduced

native

239

Syngnathus abaster Risso, 1826

Coastal habitats and lower reaches of rivers in Caspian, Black and Mediterranean Sea basins; Atlantic coast from Gibraltar to southern Bay of Biscay; in Danube upstreams to Romanian-Hungarian border. Introduced in reservoirs of middle and lower Volga with mysids brought from Don estuary, now spreading and already south of Moscow. Spreading upstream in Dneiper and Kuban due to construction of reservoirs, and in other rivers.

nativeintroduced

native

240

Cottidae Bonaparte, 1831

native

241

Cottinae Bonaparte, 1831

native

242

Cottus Linnaeus, 1758

native

243

Cottus koshewnikowi Gratzianov, 1907

Upper Volga drainage and its tributary Kama River, also Ural River. Northern and eastern Gulf of Bothnia in Finland and northern Sweden. Southern Baltic tributaries west to Estonia. White Sea and Barents Sea basins to Kara in the east.

native

244

Percidae Cuvier, 1816

native

native

245

Gymnocephalus Bloch, 1793

native

246

Gymnocephalus cernuus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Caspian (only Volga and Ural rivers), Black (absent from Crimea), Baltic and North Sea basins; Great Britain; Rhône drainage (France). North to about 69°N in Scandinavia. In Asia, Aral Sea basin, Arctic Ocean basin eastwards to Kolyma drainage. Introduced or invasive in France west of Rhône and Rhine, Iberian Peninsula, northern Italy, Adriatic drainages and Greece. Introduced to Great Lakes region, North America

native

247

Perca Linnaeus, 1758

native

native

248

Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758

Throughout Europe to nothernmost extremity of Scandinavia, except Iberian Peninsula, central Italy and Adriatic basin; Aegean Sea basin: Maritza and from Struma to Aliakmon drainages; Aral Sea basin; in Siberia, in rivers draining to Arctic Ocean eastwards to Kolyma. Introduced in Ebro delta (Spain), central and southern Italy, Lake Skadar (Montenegro, Albania), Australia and South Africa

native

native

249

Sander Oken, 1817

native

native

250

Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758)

Caspian, Baltic, Black and Aral Sea basins; Elbe (North Sea basin) and Maritza (Aegean Sea basin) drainages. North to about 65°N in Finland. Introductions started in 1878 in Great Britain, followed by Italy, Strymon drainage (Greece) and continental Europe west of Elbe, Ebro, Tagus and Jucar drainages in Iberian Peninsula, Onega and Severnaya Dvina in White Sea basin. Widely introduced outside Europe in Anatolia, North Africa, Ob and Amur drainages, Lakes Issyk-kul (Kyrgyzstan), Balkhash and many smaller basins in central Kazakhstan

native

native

251

Sander marinus (Cuvier, 1828)

Central and Southern Caspian Sea, especialy at Turkmenian coast; North-West Black Sea, Dnieper-Bug Liman; rarely enters lower reaches of Dnieper and South Bug. Absent from the Sea of Azov.

native

native

252

Sander volgensis (Gmelin, 1788)

Northern Black Sea basin, from Danube (up to Vienna) to Don; in Kuban drainage invasive; Caspian basin (Volga and Ural drainages, rarely in Samur and Terek)

native

native

253

Odontobutidae Hoese et Gill, 1993

introduced

254

Perccottus Dybowski, 1877

introduced

255

Perccottus glenii Dybowski, 1877

Pacific basin of East Asia from Tugur drainage (Sea of Okhotsk) to north-eastern Korea. Introduced in 1916 in St. Petersburg as pet, now widely spread in rivers and lakes around Gulf of Finland and in gulf itself. In Baltic basin, in Kaliningrad and widely spread in Vistula drainage in Poland and Ukraine. In 1950, released by aquarium hobbyists into lakes near Moscow (upper Volga drainage). Now very abundant throughout upper and middle Volga (upriver to Kuibushev Reservoir) and Kama. Also introduced and now abundant in upper Dniestr drainage (Ukraine) and locally established in Dniepr and Don drainages. In 1960s, introduced in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenia and in Lake Baikal mixed with Chinese carps. Spreading and abundant in northern Russia, Bellorussia and Ukraine. Recorded in Vychegda River (Severnaya Dvina drainage). Local records from Slovakia (Danube). Already abundant in Tiza drainage (Hungary). Reported in 2001 in Po drainage (Italy) [needs confirmation]. Spreads actively via navigation canals and introduced with stocked fish

introduced

256

Gobiidae Fleming, 1822

native

native

257

Anatirostrum Iljin, 1930

native

native

258

Anatirostrum profundorum Berg, 1927

South Caspian Sea

native

native

259

Asra Iljin, 1941

native

native

260

Asra turcomana Iljin, 1941

very south-east Caspian Sea

native

native

261

Benthophiloides Beling et Iljin, 1927

?

?

262

Benthophiloides brauneri Beling et Iljin, 1927

Lower reaches of rivers and limans of the North-West Black Sea (down to Bulgaria). ? South Caspian Sea.

?

?

263

Benthophilus Eichwald, 1831

native

native

264

Benthophilus abdurahmanovi Ragimov, 1978

North Caspian Sea; in Central Caspian down to Turali Cape

native

native

265

Benthophilus baeri Kessler, 1877

Central and South Caspian Sea

native

native

266

Benthophilus casachicus Ragimov, 1978

Western coast of the Central and South Caspian Sea from Peschnyy Cape to Ogurchinskiy Island.

native

native

267

Benthophilus ñtenolepidus Kessler, 1877

Central and South Caspian Sea

native

native

268

Benthophilus durrelli Boldyrev et Bogutskaya, 2004

Taganrog Bay of the Sea of Azov, Don upstream to Tsymlyansk Reservoir; Lower Kuban. Introduced in Volga Reservoirs.

introduced

269

Benthophilus granulosus Kessler, 1877

whole Caspian Sea

native

native

270

Benthophilus grimmi Kessler, 1877

western part of Central Caspian Sea from Chechen'  Island to south of Apsheron Peninsula

native

native

271

Benthophilus kessleri Berg, 1927

eastern coast of the Caspian Sea, commonly in its central part.

native

native

272

Benthophilus leobergius Berg, 1949

coastal water of the whole Caspian Sea (only western part of the Central Caspian exclusive); in freshwater 30 km upstream from Astrakhan'

native

native

273

Benthophilus leptocephalus Kessler, 1877

western part of Central Caspian and South Caspian Sea

native

native

274

Benthophilus leptorhynchus Kessler, 1877

western part of Cental Caspian from Sulak to Kilyazi.

native

native

275

Benthophilus macrocephalus (Pallas, 1787)

whole Caspian Sea; also deltas and very lower reaches of rivers

native

native

276

Benthophilus mahmudbejovi Ragimov, 1976

coastal waters of the whole Caspian Sea; Lower Volga and its delta.

native

native

277

Benthophilus pinchuki Ragimov, 1982

deepwaters of the South Caspian Sea.

native

native

278

Benthophilus ragimovi Boldyrev et Bogutskaya, 2004

deep waters of the western part of Central and South Caspian Sea from Chechen' Island to Astara.

native

native

279

Benthophilus spinosus Kessler, 1877

along the coasts of Central and South Caspian Sea.

native

native

280

Benthophilus svetovidovi Pinchuk et Ragimov, 1979

deep water off eastern coast of Central Caspian Sea.

native

native

281

Caspiosoma Iljin, 1927

native

native

282

Caspiosoma caspium (Kessler, 1877)

Lower reaches, deltas and limans of rivers draining to northern Black Sea (Dniestr, Dniepr), Sea of Azov (Don and Kuban deltas, mouth of smaller rivers) and Caspian Sea (delta and lower reaches of Volga); also reported for the Middle Caspian Sea.

native

native

283

Hyrcanogobius Iljin, 1928

native

native

284

Hyrñanogobius bergi Iljin, 1928

Northern part of Caspian Sea; deltas of Ural and Volga, and along western coast southwards to Daghestan, southeastern coast of caspian Sea

native

native

285

Knipowitschia Iljin, 1927

native

native

286

Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916)

Saline, fresh and estuarine waters along coasts of Black, Azov; Caspian and Aegean Seas west to Aliakmon drainage (Greece); also freshwater lakes and lowland rivers

native

native

287

Knipowitschia longecaudata (Kessler, 1877)

North Caspian, Azov and Black Sea basins: coastal lakes, eatuaries, lagoons, sometimes in reservoirs (Manych, Tsymlyansk, Krasnodar)

native

native

288

Mesogobius Bleeker, 1874

native

native

289

Mesogobius nigronotatus (Kessler, 1877)

Caspian Sea; the range is poorly known.

native

native

290

Mesogobius nonultimus (Iljin, 1936)

Caspian Sea; the range is poorly known. Known from off Mangyshlak and at Volga delta

native

native

291

Neogobius Iljin, 1927

native

native

292

Neogobius (Chasar) bathybius (Kessler, 1877)

North Caspian Sea (does not enter rivers); the range is poorly known

native

native

293

Neogobius caspius (Eichwald, 1831)

Caspian Sea (does not enter rivers); the range is poorly known

native

native

294

Neogobius cyrius Kessler, 1874

Kura River (only in fresh water); also reported from small rivers in Dagestan and South Caspian Sea (this needs confirmation)

native

native

295

Neogobius pallasi (Pallas, 1814)

whole Caspian Sea basin, including lower reaches of rivers.

native

native

296

Neogobius goebelii (Kessler, 1874)

the range is poorly known; described from off Baku (Apsheron Peninsula)

native

native

297

Neogobius gorlap Iljin, 1949

coastal Caspian Sea, lowe reaches of rivers. In Volga upriver to Astrakhan until 1977, since spreading upriver to lakes Ivankovskoje and Rybinskoje (2000). Also lakes of Lower Terek. Kura up to Mingechaur. Invaded Don drainage (Black Sea basin) through Volga-Don canal (first recorded in 1972). Now abundant in Tsimlyansk Reservoir and lower Don

native

native

298

Neogobius gymnotrachelus (Kessler, 1857)

Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Since late 1990s, invasive immigrant in rivers of northern Black Sea basin. In Danube up to Vienna (about 2000 km from sea), in Dniepr up to Bellorussia. Recently (1996) recorded from middle Vistula in Poland, where it arrived from Dnieper via a navigation canal. Invaded Volgograd reservoir through Volga-Don canal

introduced

299

Neogobius macrophthalmus (Kessler, 1877)

whole Caspian Sea (not entering rivers)

native

native

300

Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)

Azov, Black and Caspian Sea basins. Invasive in Baltic basin which it reached via navigation canals. Recently recorded to enter lower parts of rivers in Gulf of Gdansk (Poland). Also moving upwards in rivers of its original range; in Volga probably introduced or/and arrived from Don through the Volgo-Don canal and now distributed from Volgograd upstream to Moscow and north to Lake Rybinskoye; in Dniepr up to Bellorussia, in Danube reached Austria in 2000. Accidentally arrived in 1991 in North America in ballasts of ships.

introduced

301

Neogobius melanostomus affinis (Eichwald, 1831)

whole Caspian Sea; deltas of Volga and Ural, rivers of the South Caspian Sea. Absent from Kura and Terek

native

native

302

Neogobius syrman eurystomus (Kessler, 1877)

North Caspian Sea (does not enter rivers)

native

native

303

Proterorhinus Smitt, 1899

native

native

304

Proterorhinus marmoratus nasalis De Filippi, 1863

coastal waters and shallows of Caspian Sea, lower reaches of rivers; does not go far upstream

native

native

305

Proterorhinus marmaratus (Pallas, 1814)

Black, and Azov sea basins; Maritza and Struma drainages in eastern Aegean basin. In Danube, historically present up to about Vienna, invasive since 1970s, now reaching upstream to southern Germany. Recorded in 1999 from Rhine where it arrived from Danube through a canal and spread as far as the Netherlands (2002). Historically, native in Dniester, Dnieper and Don up to headwaters. Invasive in Volga from Volgograd upriver to Rybinskoye Reservoir where it arrived from Don . Arrived to North America in ballast of ships in 1991.

introduced

306

Channidae

introduced

307

Channa Scopoli, 1777

introduced

308

Channa argus (Cantor, 1842)

Japan, Korean Peninsula, Chinese rivers from Huang He in the south to Amur in the north (also Russia)

introduced

309

Pleuronectidae Rafinesque, 1815

introduced

introduced

310

Platichthys Girard, 1854

introduced

introduced

311

Platichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Eastern North Atlantic, European Arctic; introduced elsewhere

introduced

introduced