Caspian Sea Biodiversity Project under umbrella of Caspian Sea Environment Program

Chlorophyta

1

Ulothrichaceae

Ulothrix albicans

Kütz 1845

2

Ulothrix flacca  (Synonym: Ulothrix pseudoflacca)

(Dillwyn) Thuret in LeJol 1863

arcto-boreal

brackish water and marin water

rare, sparsae

southern part of East and West  Caspian Sea

3

Ulothrix implexa

(Kütz.) Kütz. 1849

ñircumboreal

brackish water, marin water and sometimes freshwater

common

East; North-East; West  Caspian Sea

4

* Ulothrix pseudoflacca  (Accepted: Ulothrix flacca)

Wille 1901

5

Ulothrix zonata

(Weber & Mohr) Kützing 1843

cosmopolitan widespread

freshwater 

East  Caspian Sea

6

Chaetophoraceae

* Ectochaete leptochaete  (Accepted: Acrochaete leptochaete (Huber) R.Nielsen 1983)

(Huber) Wille 1909

ñircumboreal

marin water and  brackish water, parasite

in the Caspian Sea

7

* Acrochaete parasitica  (Accepted: Acrochaete repens Pringsheim 1863)

Oltmanns 1894

boreal

parasite

Caspian Sea

8

* Entocladia viridis  (Accepted: Acrochaete viridis (Reinke) R.Nielsen 1979)

Reinke 1889

cosmopolitan

marin water and  brackish water, parasite

Caspian Sea

9

Epicladia flustrae

Reinke 1889

Ireland, Europe, Mediterranean Basin, Western North and Central America

parasite

rare

North Caspian Sea

10

Pringsheimiella scutata

(Reinke) Marschewianka 1924

Ireland, Europe, Mediterranean Basin, Western North and Central America, Caribbean Basin, East Africa, East Africa, Atlantic Islands

marin water and  brackish water

rare

West Caspian Sea

11

Ulvella lens

(Crouan) Crouan 1859

ñircumboreal

Caspian Sea

12

Monostromataceae

* Monostroma wittrockii

Bornet in Bornet et Thuret 1878-1880

ñircumboreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

southern part of East and West  Caspian Sea

13

Ulvaceae

Blidingia marginata

(J.Ag.) P.Dangeard 1958

ñircumboreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

East  Caspian Sea (Bay of Kara-Bogaz-Gol)

14

Enteromorpha ahlneriana

Bliding 1933

ñircumboreal

Brackish water and marin water

rare

East  Caspian Sea

15

Enteromorpha clathrata

(Roth) Greville 1830

arcto-boreal widespread

Brackish water and marin water

rare,  sociales

East; West  Caspian Sea

16

Enteromorpha complanata  var. ciliata Grun.

Kütz 1845

Caspian Sea

17

Enteromorpha compressa

(L.) Grev. 1830

cosmopolitan

Brackish water and marin water

common

North-East; East;  West  Caspian Sea

18

* Enteromorpha crinita

(Roth) J.Ag

 West Caspian Sea

19

* Enteromorpha erecta

 J.Ag.

Caspian Sea

20

Enteromorpha flexuosa 

(Wulf.) J.Ag. 1882-83

ñircumboreal

Brackish water

rare

West; East Caspian Sea

21

Enteromorpha intestinalis

(L.) Link in Nees ab Esenbeck 1820

arcto-boreal widespread

Marin, brackish and freshwater

common, copiosae

West; North-East; East Caspian Sea 

22

Enteromorpha linza

(L.) J.Ag. 1882-83

boreal-tropical widespread

marin water and  brackish water

often,  copiosae 

North-East; East; West  Caspian Sea

23

Enteromorpha prolifera

(O.Müll.) J.Ag. 1882-83

widespread cosmopolitan

Brackish water and marin water

rare, sociales

North-West; East; West  Caspian Sea

24

Enteromorpha ramulosa

(Engl.Bot.) Hooker 1833

East Caspian Sea

25

Enteromorpha torta

(Mertens) Reinbold 1893

ñircumboreal

Brackish water

copiosae

Volga delta; Caspian Sea

26

Ulva lactuca

L. 1753

Caspian Sea

27

Gomontiaceae

Gomontia polyrrhiza

(Lagerh.) Bornetet Flahault 1888

widespread cosmopolitan

marin water

often

North; Northî-West;  East Caspian Sea

28

Cladophoraceae

Chaetomorpha aërea

(Dillw.) Kütz. 1849

boreal-tropical

Brackish  and freshwater

copiosae

East; þãî-West Caspian Sea

29

Chaetomorpha linum

(Müll.) Kütz. 1845

arcto-boreal

Brackish  and freshwater

West Caspian Sea

30

* Cladophora Aegagropila f.brownii

Harv.

freshwater and brackish water

Caspian Sea

31

* Cladophora fracta var.lacustris  A.Br.

(Fr.Dan.) Kütz. = (Fl.Dan.) Kütz. 1843

freshwater and brackish water

East  Caspian Sea

32

* Cladophora glomerata   f.marina   Hauck., 1884

(L.) Kütz. 1843

common

West; North-East and  East  Caspian Sea

33

* Cladophora glomerata  f.flavescens (Ag. ) Rabenh. 1868

(L.) Kütz. 1843

East  Caspian Sea

34

Cladophora laetevirens

(Dillwyn) Kütz. 1843

ñircumboreal

Caspian Sea

35

Cladophora rupestris

(L.) Kütz 1843

West  Caspian Sea

36

Cladophora sericea  (Synonims: Cladophora gracilis (Griff.) Kütz. 1845; Cladophora nitida Kütz., 1843)

(Huds.) Kütz. 1843

widespread ñircumboreal

Brackish water and marin water

often, sociales

West; North-East; East Caspian Sea

37

* Cladophora gracilis  (Accepted: Cladophora sericea)

(Griff.) Kütz. 1845

38

* Cladophora nitida   (Accepted: Cladophora sericea)

Kütz, 1843

39

Cladophora vagabunda  (Synonyms: Cladophora fracta  f.marina  Hauck. 1885; Cladophora Bakuana Grun., 1878; Cladophora microcladia  Grun., 1878; Cladophora caspia  Grun., 1878

(L.) Hoek 1963

widespread ñircumboreal

Brackish water

often,   sociales

West and East Caspian Sea

40

* Cladophora fracta  f.marina  (Accepted: Cladophora vagabunda)

Hauck. 1885

41

* Cladophora Bakuana  (Accepted: Cladophora vagabunda)

Grun., 1878

42

* Cladophora microcladia   (Accepted: Cladophora vagabunda )

Grun., 1878

43

* Cladophora caspia  (Accepted: Cladophora vagabunda )

Grun., 1878

44

Rhizoclonium fontanum

Kütz 1843

Australia and New Zealand

East Caspian Sea

45

Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum

(Ag.) Kütz. 1843

boreal

freshwater

common

East;  North-âîñòîê Caspian Sea

46

Rhizoclonium Kochianum (Acceptad: Rhizoclonium implexum (Dillw.) Kütz. 1845)

Kütz 1845

ñircumboreal

often

East; West Caspian Sea

47

Rhizoclonium riparium

(Roth) Harvey 1849 

arcto-boreal

Caspian Sea

48

Acrosiphoniaceae

Urospora penicilliformis

(Roth) Areschoug 1866

arcto-boreal

rare

East Caspian Sea (Bay of Kara-Bogaz-Gol)

49

Phyllosiphonaceae

Ostreobium queckettii

Bornet et Flahault 1889

arcto-boreal

often

North; North-West;  East Caspian Sea

50

âîäÿíàÿ ñåòî÷êà

rare

Volga delta

51

Characeae

Chara aculeolata  (Synonyms: Chara intermedia A.Br. 1859; Chara polyacantha A.Br. 1859)

Kütz in Ricb. 1832

widespread Europa, Asia, Africa, North and South America

Freshwater, occasionally in brackish water

rare, sociales 

North-East; East;; West Caspian Sea;  Volga delta and avandelta, western substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta

52

* Chara intermedia  (Accepted: Chara aculeolata)

A.Br. 1859

53

* Chara polyacantha  (Accepted: Chara aculeolata)

A.Br. 1859

54

Chara aspera

Deth.ex Willd. 1809

widespread ñircumboreal

Freshwater and brackish water up to 17-18 psu

rare sociales

North; West; North-East Caspian Sea; Ural delta; Volga delta     

55

Chara braunii

Gmel. 1826

widespread cosmopolitan,  warm water

Freshwater

rare

Volga delta and avandelta; Azerbaijan coastal reservoirs; West Caspian Sea

56

Chara canescens  (Synonyms: Chara crinita  Wallr. 1815)

Desv.et Loisel.  1810

widespread ñircumboreal, continental water

 Brackish water: from 3 up to 21 psu, optimum 7-8 psu

rare

North-East;  West;  East Caspian Sea;  Ural delta

57

* Chara crinita  (Accepted: Chara canescens)

 Wallr. 1815

58

Chara connivens

Salzm.ex A.Br.1835

subcircumbereal (Europe, Africa, Northern Asia)

Fresh and brackish waters 1-8 psu,

rare

Western substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta and true zone of the Volga avandelta

59

Chara contraria

A.Braun ex Kütz. 1845

cosmopolitan

Freshwater, salinity range from 0 up to 8 psu

Azerbaijan coastal reservoirs; delta Emba

60

Chara fragilis  (Accepted: Chara globularis Thuill. 1799)

 Desv.in Lois. 1810

cosmopolitan

Freshwater, salinity range from 0 up to 6 psu

Western substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta; Azerbaijan coastal reservoirs

61

Chara hispida

(L.) Hartm. 1820

Europe, North Africa,  Asia

Freshwater and brackish water

East Caspian Sea

62

Chara neglecta

Hollerbach 1981

Eastern-European

 brackish water

West Caspian Sea

63

Chara tomentosa

L.1753

widespread Europe, North Africa,  Asia

Freshwater and brackish water up to 7 psu

rare

Volga delta: Western substeppe ilmens; East Caspian Sea

64

Chara uzbekistanica

Hollerbach 1960

Aral-Caspian Sea endemic raredistribution

 brackish water and freshwater

rare, sociales

Western  and eastern substeppe ilmens of Volga delta; island zone of the Volga avandelta

65

Chara vulgaris  (Synonyms: Chara foetida  A.Br. 1834)

L.emend.Wallr. 1753

widespread cosmopolit

Freshwater (salinity 0-4 psu) , brackish water at least pereodically

East; West Caspian Sea; Island zone of the Volga avandelta; Western  and eastern substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta; Azerbaijan coastal reservoirs

66

* Chara foetida  (Accepted: Chara vulgaris)

A.Br. 1834

67

Lamprothamnium papulosum  (Synonyms:  Lamprothamnus alopecuroides (Delile ex A.Br.) A.Br.in Braun & Nordstedt 1882)

(Wallr.) J.Groves 1916

Africa, Australia, Europe

Brackish water with salinity 8-25 psu

rare  copiosae

East, North-East, West Caspian Sea

68

* Lamprothamnus alopecuroides  (Accepted: Lamprothamnium papulosum)

(Delile ex A.Br.) A.Br.in Braun & Nordstedt 1882

69

Lychnothamnus barbatus

(Meyen) Leonhardi 1863

widespread European

Freshwater

rare

True zone of the Volga avandelta; Western substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta

70

Nitellopsidaceae

Nitellopsis obtusae

(Desv.in Lois) Gr. 1919

widespread Europa and Asia

Freshwater, but can exceptionally in brackish water up to 8 psu

common in the delta

Island zone and true zone of the Volga avandelta; Volga delta; substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta

71

Nitellaceae

Nitella flexilis

(L.) Ag. 1824

widespread cosmopolit, continental water

freshwater (salinity 0-3 psu)

solitarie

True zone of the Volga avandelta; Volga delta

72

Nitella gracilis

(Smith.) Ag. 1824

widespread cosmopolit continental water

 Freshwater

solitarie

Volga delta

73

Nitella hyalina

(DC) Ag. 1824

widespread cosmopolit

fresh or weakly saline warm water 2.5 psu

rare

Island  zone and true zone of the Volga avandelta;. Western and eastern substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta

74

Nitella mucronata

(A.Br.) Miquel 1853

subcosmopolit continental water

 freshwater

rare

Island  zone and kultuk zone of the Volga avandelta; Volga delta

75

Nitella tenuissima

(Desv.) Kütz 1843

ñircumboreal, rare, continental water

 freshwater

rare

Island  zone and kultuk zone of the Volga avandelta; Western substeppe ilmens of the Volga delta

76

Tolypella glomerata

(Desv.)  Leonhardi 1863

subcosmopolit continental water

freshwater and brackish water

rare

East, West Caspian Sea;  Azerbaijan coastal reservoirs

Pheophyta

77

Ectocarpaceae

Ectocarpus caspicus

Henck. 1909

Black and Caspian Sea
endemic

 brackish water

rare

Caspian Sea in all parts

78

Ectocarpus humilis

 Kütz 1849

boreal

marin water and  brackish water

in Caspian Sea

79

Ectocarpus siliculosus

(Dillw.) Lyngbye 1819

arcto-boreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

East  Caspian Sea (Bay of Kara-Bogaz-Gol)

80

Entonema effusum (Synonym: Streblonema effusum Kylin,  1907)

 (Kylin) Kylin 1947

ñircumboreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

East Caspian Sea (Cape of Melovoi)

81

* Streblonema effusum (Accepted: Entonema effusum)

Kylin 1907

82

* Entonema oligosporum   (Accepted: Streblonema oligosporum Strömfelt 1884)

(Strömf.) Kylin 1947

ñircumboreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

East Caspian Sea (Cape of Melovoi)

83

Phaeostroma bertholdii

Kuckuck 1895

boreal

marin water and  brackish water

rare

middle zone of West and East Caspian Sea

84

Pylaiella littoralis

(L.) Kjellm. 1872

arcto-boreal

marin water and  brackish water

Caspian Sea

85

Myrionemataceae

Microspongium gelatinosum

Reinke 1888

boreal

Caspian Sea

86

* Ascocyclus orbicularis  (Accepted: Myrionema magnusii  (Sauvageau) Loiseaux 1967)

 (J.Ag.) Magnus 1874

ñircumboreal

Caspian Sea

87

Pleurocladia lacustris

A.Braun 1854 in Rabenhorst

European

freshwater, sometimes brackish water

Often

only North Caspian Sea

88

Chordariaceae

Monosiphon caspius

(Henck.) Volkof 1915

Caspian Sea endemic

 brackish water

rare, copiosae 

West, North-East,  East  Caspian Sea

89

Sphacelariaceae

* Stypocaulon scoparium

(L.) Kütz. 1843

ñircumboreal

 brackish water

Caspian Sea

Rhodophyta

90

Goniotrichaceae

* Asterocytis ramosa (Acceptad: Chroodactylon ornatum (C.Agardh) Basson 1979)

 (Thw.) Gobi ex F. Schmitz in Engler & Prantl 1896

boreal-tropical

often

North-East, East; West Caspian Sea

91

Bangiaceae

Bangia atropurpurea (Synonym: Bangia fuscopurpurea)

(Roth.) Ag. 1824

ñircumboreal widespread

freshwater and marin water

rare, solitarie

West, East  Caspian Sea

92

* Bangia fuscopurpurea (Accepted: Bangia atropurpurea)

 (Dillw.) Lyngb. 1819

marin water and freshwater

93

Acrochaetiaceae

* Kylinia hallandica  (Accepted: Acrochaetium hallandica  (Kylin) Hamel 1927)

 (Kylin) Kylin 1944

arcto-boreal

 brackish water

rare

West Caspian Sea

94

* Kylinia parvula  (Accepted: Acrochaetium parvula (Kylin) Hoyt 1920)

(Kylin) Kylin 1944

arcto-boreal

 brackish water

solitarie

West Caspian Sea

95

* Kylinia virgatula  (Accepted: Acrochaetium secundatum (Lyngbye) Nägeli in Nägeli & Cramer 1862)

(Harv.) Papenfuss 1945

ñircumboreal

 brackish water

solitarie

West Caspian Sea

96

* Acrochaetium daviesii  (Accepted: Colaconema daviesii (Dillw.) Stegenga 1985)

 (Dillw.) Nägeli 1861

ñircumboreal

 brackish water

Caspian Sea

97

* Acrochaetium thuretii  (Accepted: Colaconema savianum  (Menegh.) Perest 1994)

(Born.) Collins & Hervey 1917

ñircumboreal

 brackish water

Often   solitarie

North-East; West;  North; North-West Caspian Sea

98

uncertain taxonomic status

* Chantransia Willaei

Ag. (Henckel ) 1909

in Caspian Sea

99

Hildenbrandtiaceae

* Hildenbrandtia prototypus

 Nardo 1834

arcto-boreal

Often

North-East; East; West Caspian Sea

100

* Hildenbrandtia rosea

Lamour

North-West; East Caspian Sea

101

Corallinaceae

Dermatolithon caspicum  (Synonym: Melobesia caspica  Ag. Foslie 1900)

 (Foslie) Zaberzh. 1968

Caspian Sea endemic

brackish water

Often

West; North-West; East Caspian Sea

102

* Melobesia caspica  (Accepted: Dermatolithon caspicum)

 Ag. Foslie 1900

103

* Dermatolithon pustulatum

(Lamour) Foslie 1899

cosmopolit widespread

marin water and  brackish water

often

West; North-West; East Caspian Sea

104

* Melobesia pustulata

 Lamouroux 1816

in Caspian Sea

105

* Melobesia farinosa  (Accepted: Hydrolithon farinosa  (J.V. Lamouroux) D. Penrose & Y.M. Chamberlain 1993)

Lamouroux 1816

boreal-tropical

North-East;  East Caspian Sea

106

Lithoporella lapidea

Foslie 1910

Caspian Sea endemic

Caspian Sea

107

Ceramiaceae

Callithamnion kirillianum (Synonum: Phlebothamnion spongiosum  Kütz 1828 aff.A.O. Kovalevskii, 1870)

A.Zin.et Zaberzh. 1968

Caspian Sea endemic

brackish water

often,  sociales

West  Caspian Sea

108

* Phlebothamnion spongiosum  (Accepted: Callithamnion kirillianum)

 Kütz 1828 aff.A.O. Kovalevskii, 1870

109

Ceramium diaphanum

(Lightfoot) Roth 1806

ñircumboreal

marin water

often

North-East; East: West Caspian Sea

110

Ceramium elegans

(Roth) Ducluzeau 1806

boreal

marin water

often,  sociales

West;  North-West , East Caspian Sea

111

* Ceramium tenuissimum  

(Lyngb.) J.Ag. 1851

North-East Caspian Sea

112

Rhodomelaceae

** Laurencia bulbosa

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

113

Laurencia caspica  (Synonym: Laurencia hybrida (DC) Lenorm.aff.Zinova, Perestenko 1964)

A.Zin.et Zaberzh. 1967

Mediterranean Basin: Caspian Sea, Blak seas, Romania

 brackish water

solitarie

West; North; North-West; East Caspian Sea

114

* Laurencia hybrida (Accepted: Laurencia caspica)

(DC) Lenorm.aff.Zinova, Perestenko 1964

115

Laurencia cladonioides

Kütz

Caspian Sea

116

** Laurencia costata

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

117

** Laurencia minor

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

118

Laurencia obtusa  f.gracilis Kütz.

(Huds.) Lamouroux 1813

boreal-tropical

West; North-East; East Caspian Sea

119

* Laurencia  paniculata 

J. Agardh 1863

boreal

West; North-East; East Caspian Sea

120

Laurenciocolax polyspora

A.Zin.et Perest. 1964

Caspian Sea endemic

marin and brackish water

rare

West Caspian Sea

121

Lophosiphonia obscura  Synonym: Polysiphonia sertularioides (Grun.) J.Ag. var.tenerrima Hauck. aff. Kireeva & Schapova, 1957; Lophosiphonia subadunca (Kütz) Falkenb. 1901)

(C. Agardh) Falkenberg in F. Schmitz & Falkenberg 1897

boreal

solitarie

East; West Caspian Sea

122

* Polysiphonia sertularioides (Grun.) J.Ag. var.tenerrima  (Accepted: Lophosiphonia obscura)

Hauck. aff. Kireeva & Schapova, 1957

123

* Lophosiphonia subadunca (Accepted: Lophosiphonia obscura)

(Kütz) Falkenb. 1901

124

** Polysiphonia aplicatospina

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

125

** Polysiphonia attenuata

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

126

Polysiphonia caspica  

Kütz. 1843

Mediterranean Basin: Caspian Sea, Greece

 brackish water

Often  sociales

West, North-West; East Caspian Sea

127

Polysiphonia denudata

(Dillw.) Kütz. 1849

boreal

marin and brackish water

rare

Caspian Sea

128

Polysiphonia elongata

(Huds.) Harvey in Hooker 1833

widespread ñircumboreal

marin  water

solitarie

North-West; West; North-East; East Caspian Sea

129

** Polysiphonia fasciculata

Volkov 1934  Nomen nudum

Caspian Sea

130

Polysiphonia lanosa

Caspian Sea

131

Polysiphonia ornata

J.Ag. 1842

Caspian Sea

132

Polysiphonia parvula

Suhr ex Kützing 1864

Caspian Sea

133

Polysiphonia pulvinata

Ag.

Caspian Sea

134

Polysiphonia sanguinea (Synonym: Polysiphonia arachnoidea (Ag.) J.Ag. in Kützing 1863)

(Ag.) Zanarddini 1841

boreal

common

North-East; East Caspian Sea

135

* Polysiphonia arachnoidea (Accepted: Polysiphonia sanguinea )

(Ag.) J.Ag. in Kützing 1863

136

* Polysiphonia spinulosa

Greville 1824

137

* Polysiphonia spinosa

J.Ag.  aff. Voronichin 1909

 in Caspian Sea

138

* Polysiphonia violaceae

(Roth) Greville in Harvey 1849

ñircumboreal

often

East; North-East; North; West  Caspian Sea

139

* Polysiphonia violacea f. fibrillosa

(Dillwyn) Rosenvinge 1924

southern part of East Caspian Sea

140

* Polysiphonia violaceae f.subulata

(Ducluzeau) Hauck

East Caspian Sea

141

* Polysiphonia violacea var. tenuissima

Areschoug 1847

North-East; middle and southern part of East Caspian Sea

* probably synonym

**  - nomen nudum