The phylogeny and classification of the class Kinorhyncha

A.V. Adrianov & V.V. Malakhov

Abstract. The class Kinorhyncha consists of two orders (Cyclorhagida and Homalorhagida), five suborders (Protorhagae, Criptorhagae, Conchorhagae, Cyclorhagae and Homalorhagae), nine families (Zelinkaderidae, Antigomonidae, Cateriidae, Semnoderidae, Centroderidae, Echinoderidae, Dracoderidae, Neocentrophyidae and Pycnophyidae), 14 genera and about 130 valid species. Phylogenetic conclusions and classification are based on the external morphology of the trunk and structure of the neck closing apparatus. Plesiomorphic and apomorphic states of most characters are summarized for Kinorhyncha. Zelinkaderidae is considered the most primitive taxon within Cyclorhagida. None of the cyclorhagid families and genera are thought to be derived from any of the others. Only Neocentrophyidae is considered a neotenic group within Homalorhagida. A scheme of phylogenetic relatioships within Kinorhyncha is proposed. Modified diagnoses of the class, orders, suborders, families and genera are given.

Zoosystematica Rossica, 1995, 4(1): 23–44 ▪ Published in print 29 March 1996

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