Fishes of the Caspian Sea: zoogeography and updated check-list

A.M. Naseka & N.G. Bogutskaya

Abstract. Geographic distribution of some 350 taxa from the Caspian and Black Sea basins were analyzed with regard to recent taxonomy, phylogeny, endemicity and ecological classification. A check-list of the Caspian Sea fishes (taxa from families down to subspecies) is provided. Eighty species and subspecies permanently occur or occasionally recorded from the North Caspian while 33–35 species and subspecies being only distributed in the Middle and South Caspian. Forty-four species are common for the two ecoregions. A comparison of the Caspian and the Black Sea fish faunas and their historical evolution is given with special respect to palaeogeography and palaeohydrology of the basin.

Key words: Caspian Sea, fishes, evolution, zoogeography, taxonomic composition

Zoosystematica Rossica, 2009, 18(2): 295-317 ▪ Published in print 25 December 2009

https://doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2009.18.2.295 ▪ Open full article

References

Aladin, N.B. & Plotnikov, I.S. 2000. The Danger of large-scale ecological catastrophy in the Caspian (the comparative analysis of causes and effects of ecological crises in the Aral and Caspian). The Caspian Bulletin, 4: 112–126.

Aladin, N.B. 1989. The osmoregulation peculiarities of the Cyprideis torosa crustacean from the seas of the USSR. Zoologiceskiy Zhurnal, 68(7): 40–50. (In Russian).

Artyukhin, E.N. 2008. Osetrovyye (ekologiya, geograficheskoye rasprostraneniye i filogeniya) [Acipernseridae (ecology, geographical distriburtion and phylogeny]. St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg. 137 p. (In Russian).

Băcescu, M. 1940. Les Mysidaces des eaux roumaines (études taxonomique, morphologique, bio-géographique et biologique. Annales Scientifiques de l’Université de Jassy, 26, 454–803.

Badyukova, E.N. 2005. One from arguments for the conection between the Caspian and the Black Sea in Late Khvalynian. Geomorphologiya, 2: 23–47. (In Russian).

Bănărescu, P. 1991. Zoogeography of fresh waters, 2. Distribution and dispersal of freshwater animals in North America and Eurasia. AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden: 524–1091.

Benson, R.H. (Ed.), 1976. Biodynamic Effects of the Messinian salinity crisis. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 20: 1–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(76)90028-6

Bogutskaya, N.G. & Dorofeyeva, E.A. 2007. Neotype designation for Salmo spurius Pallas, 1814 (Teleostei: Salmonidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 16(1): 135–137.

Bogutskaya, N.G. & Naseka, A.M. 2004. Catalogue of agnathans and fishes of fresh and brackish waters of Russia with comments on nomenclature and taxonomy. KMK Publishers, Moscow. 389 p. (In Russian).

Bogutskaya, N.G. 2007. Ecoregion Description. 452: Caspian Marine Ecoregion Description. 453: Volga Delta – Northern Caspian Ecoregion Description. [cited December 5, 2009]. Available from: http://www.feow.org

Boldyrev, V.S. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2004. Description of two new species of tadpole-gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Benthophilus). Zoosystematica Rossica, 13 (1): 129–135.

Boldyrev, V.S. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2006. Revision of the tadpole-gobies of the genus Benthophilus (Teleostei: Gobiidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 18: 31–96.

Borodin, N.A. 1905. Relict form of the marine small shad in the system of the Middle Volga. Vestnik rybopromyshlennosti, 20(5): 282–283. (In Russian).

Chumakov, I.S. 1993. Radiometricheskaja shkala dlja pozdnego kainozoja Vostochnogo Paratetisa. Priroda, 12: 68–75. (In Russian).

Coad, B. 2008. Freshwater fishes of Iran. Updated June 5, 2008 [cited December 5, 2009]. Available from: http://www.briancoad.com/main.asp?page=titlepage.htm

Cristescu, M.E.A., Hebert, P.D.N. & Onciu, T.M. 2003. Phylogeography of Ponto-Caspian crustaceans: a benthic-planktonic comparison. Molecular Ecology, 12: 985–996. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-294X.2003.01801.x

Dumont, H.J. 1998. The Caspian Lake: history, biota, structure and function. Limnology and Oceanography, 43: 44–52. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1998.43.1.0044

Dumont, H.J. 2000. Endemism in the Ponto-Caspian fauna, with special emphasis on the Onychopoda (Crustacea). In: Rossiter, A. & Kawanabe, H. (Eds). Advances in ecological research. Ancient lakes: biodiversity, ecology and evolution. Academic Press, San Diego: 181–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2504(00)31012-1

Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2007a. Review of the Alburnus mento species group with description of two new species (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 18: 213–225.

Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2007b. Alburnus vistonicus, a new species of shemaya from eastern Greece, with remarks on Chalcalburnus chalcoides macedonicus from Lake Volvi (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 18: 205–212.

Golubev, G.N. 1997. Closed areas and the Case of the Caspian Sea Basin. In: Conference: Perspectives of Eurasia as a Field of Global Communication. Publication of Japanese-German Center, Berlin, 9: 125–136.

Greenwood, P.H. 1984. What is a species flock? In: Echelle, A.A., Kornfield, I. (Eds) Evolution of Fish Species Flocks. University of Maine Press, Orono: 13–19.

Hänfling, B., Dümpelmann, C., Bogutskaya, N.G., Brandl, R. & Brändle, M. 2009. Shallow phylogeographic structuring of Vimba vimba L. across Europe suggests two distinct refugia during the last glaciation. Journal of Fish Biology, 75 (in press). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02415.x

Iljina, L.B. & Nevesskaja, L.A. 1979. On possible connections of the Maeotian Basin with the adjacent seas and on correlations of the Miocene deposits of Eastern Paratethys and Tethys. Annales Geologiques des Pays Helleniques, Tome Hors Serie, 3: 553–558.

Jones R.W. & Simmons, M.D. 1996. A review of the stratigraphy of eastern Paratethys (Oligocene-Miocene). Bulletin of the Natural History Museum: Geology, 52(1): 25–49.

Jones R.W. & Simmons, M.D. 1997. A review of the stratigraphy of Eastern Paratethys (Oligocene–Holocene), with particular emphasis on the Black Sea. In: Robinson, A.G. (Ed.) Regional and petroleum geology of the Black Sea and surrounding region. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma: 39–52.

Katunin, D.N. 1986. Salinity of water. In: Baidin, S.S., Kosarev, A.N. (Eds) Caspian Sea: hydrology and hydrochemistry. Nauka, Moscow: 117–128. (In Russian).

Kessler, K. 1877. Ryby, vodyaschiesya i vstrechayushchiyesya v Aralo-Kaspiysko-Pontiyskoy ikhtiologicheskoy oblasti [Fishes of the Aralo-Caspio-Pontian region]. Trudy Aralo-Kaspiyskoy Ekspeditsii, 4: xxviii+ 360 pp., 8 pls. (In Russian).

Kosarev A.N. & Yablonskaya E.A. 1994. The Caspian Sea. SPB, The Hague. 259 p.

Kotlik, P., Markova, S., Choleva, L., Bogutskaya, N.G., Ekmekci, F.G. & Ivanova, P.P. 2008. Divergence with gene flow between Ponto-Caspian refugia in an anadromous cyprinid Rutilus frisii revealed by multiple gene phylogeography. Molecular Ecology, 17: 1076–1088. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03638.x

Kottelat, M. & Freyhof, J. 2007. Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Maurice Kottelat, J. Freyhof, Cornel Berlin. 646 p.

Kottelat, M., Bogutskaya, N.G. & Freyhof, J. 2005. On the migratory Black Sea lamprey and the nomenclature of the ludoga, Peipsi and ripus whitefishes (Agnatha: Petromyzontidae; Teleostei: Coregonidae). Zoosystematica Rossica, 14(1): 181–186.

Laskarev, V. 1924. Sur les equivalents du Sarmatien superieur en Serbie. In: Vujević, P. (Ed.) Receuil de traveaux offertá M. Jovan Cvijic par ses amis et collaborateurs. Drzhavna Shtamparija, Beograd: 73–85.

Mamaev, V. 2002. Europe’s biodiversity – biogeographical regions and seas. Seas around Europe. The Caspian Sea – enclosed and with many endemic species. European Environment Agency. 26 p.

Mandych, A.F. (Ed.) 1995. Enclosed Seas and Large Lakes of Eastern Europe and Middle Asia. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 273 p.

Meulenkamp, J.E., Sissingh, W. et al. 2000. Maps 17–23 Tertiary. In: Dercourt, J., Gaetani, M. et al. (Eds.) Atlas Peri-Tethys, Palaeogeographical Maps. CCGM/CGMW, Paris: 153–268.

Mordukhai-Boltovskoi, F.D. 1960. Caspian fauna in Azov and Black Sea basin. Publishers of the Academy of Science, Moscow. (In Russian).

Mordukhai-Boltovskoi, Ph.D. 1964. Caspian fauna beyond the Caspian Sea. International Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie, 49: 139–176. https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19640490105

Mordukhai-Boltovskoi, Ph.D. 1979. Contribution and distribution of Caspian fauna in the light of modern data. International Revue der Gesamten Hydrobiologie, 64: 1–38.

Movchan, Yu.V. 1970. Morphometric characteristics of Acipenser stellatus Pall. from the Azov-Black-Sea basin. Vestnik Zoologii, 1970(2): 35–41. (In Russian, English summary).

Myers, G.S. 1938. Fresh-water fishes and West Indian zoogeography. Annual Reports of Smithsonian Institution for 1937: 339–364.

Myers, G.S. 1949. Salt-tolerance of fresh-water fish groups in relation to zoogeographical problems. Bijdragen tot de Dierkunde, 28: 315–322.

Myers, G.S. 1951. Freshwater fishes and East Indian zoogeography. Stanford Ichthyological Bulletin, 4: 11–21.

Naseka, A.M. & Bogutskaya, N.G. 2007. Ecozoogeographic ecoregions of continental water bodies of North Eurasia based on data on fish assemblages content. Sbornik Nauchnykh Trudov FGNU GosNIORKh, 337: 211–242. (In Russian).

Naseka, A.M. & Diripasko, O.A. 2008. A recent record of a parasitic Lampetra from the Sea of Azov. Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 19: 283–287.

Neilson, M.E. & Stepien, C.A. 2009. Escape from the Ponto-Caspian: Evolution and biogeography of an endemic goby species flock (Benthophilinae: Gobiidae: Teleostei). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 52: 84–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.023

Nevesskaya, L.A., Goncharova, I.A., Ilyina, L.B., Paramonova, N.P., Popov, S.V., Babak, E.V., Bagdasarjan, K.G. & Voronina, A.A. 1986. Istorija neogenovych mollyuskov Paratetisa. [History of Neogene mollusks of Paratethys]. Nauka, Moskva. (In Russian).

Panin, G.N., Mamedov, R.M. & Mitrofanov, I.V. 2005. Sovremennoye sostoyaniye Kaspiyskogo morya [Modern state of the Caspian Sea]. Nauka, Moscow. 356 p. (In Russian).

Podushka, S.B. 2003. About the systematic position of Azov Sea sturgeon. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy Bulleten’ Laboratorii Ikhtiologii INENKO RAN, 7: 19–44. (In Russian).

Popov, S.V., Rögl, F., Rozanov, A.Yu., Steiniger, F.F., Shcherba, I.G. & Kovac, M. 2004. Lithological-Paleogeographic maps of Paratethys. Late Eocene to Pliocene. Courier Fordchungsinstitut Senckenberg, 250, 46 pp., 1–10 maps.

Popov, S.V., Shcherba, I.G., Ilyina, L.B., Nevesskaya, L.A., Paramonova, N.P., Khondkarian, S.O. & Magyar, I. 2006. Late Miocene to Pliocene palaeogeography of the Paratethys and its relation to the Mediterranean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 238: 91–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.03.020

Reid, D.F. & Orlova M.I. 2002. Geological and evolutionary underpinnings for the success of Ponto-Caspian species invasions in the Baltic Sea and North American Great Lakes. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 59: 1144–1158. https://doi.org/10.1139/f02-099

Rögl, F. 1998. Paleogeographic consideration for the Mediterranean and Paratethys Seaways (Oligocene to Miocene). Annalen des Naturhistorisches Museums in Wien, 99A: 279–310.

Rögl, F. 1999. Mediterranean and Paratethys. Facts and hypotheses of an Oligocene to Miocene paleogeography (Short Overview). Geologica Carpathica, 50(4): 339–349.

Sal’nikov, N.I. & Malyatskiy, S.M. 1934. Sur la systématique du grand ésturgeon (Huso huso L.) du bassin de la Mer Noire et de la Mer d‘Asoff. Trudy Nauchnoi rybokhozyaistvennoi biologicheskoi stantii Gruzii [Travaux de la Station piscicole et biologique de Géorgie], 1(1): 31–50B. (In Russian with French summary).

Schulz, H.-M., Vakarcs, G. & Magyar, I. 2005. The birth of the Paratethys during the Early Oligocene: From Tethys to an ancient Black Sea analogue? Global and Planetary Change, 49(3–4): 163–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2005.07.001

Semenenko, V.N. 1987. Stratigraficheskaja korrelatsija verkhnego miotsena i pliotsena Vostochnogo Paratetisa i Tetisa [Stratigraphic correlation of Upper Miocene of Eastern Paratethys and Tethys]. Naukova Dumka, Kiev. 188 c. (In Russian).

Starobogatov Ya.I. 1970. Fauna molluskov i zoogeographicheskoye raionirovaniye kontinental’nykh vodoemov ptvyjuj shara [The mollusk fauna and zoogeographic zoning of continental water bodies of the Earth]. Nauka, Leningrad. 372 p. (In Russian).

Starobogatov, Ya.I. 1994. Systematics and paleonthology. In: Starobogatov, Ya.I. (Ed.) Dreissena Dreissena polymorpha (Pall) (Bivalvia, Dreissenidae). Nauka, Moscow: 18–46. (In Russian).

Steininger, F.F., Berggren, W.A., Kent, D.V., Bernor, R.L., Sen, S. & Agusti, J. 1996. Circum-Mediterranean Neogene (Miocene and Pliocene) marine-continental chronologic correlation of the European mammal units. In: Mittmann, H.W. (Ed.) The Evolution of the Western Eurasian Neogene Mammal Faunas. Columbia University Press, New York. 487 p.

Svetovidov, A.N. 1952. Sel’devye (Clupeidae). Fauna SSSR [Clupeidae, Fauna of the USSR], 2(1). Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow–Leningrad. 331 p. (In Russian).

Svitoch, A.A. 1991. Fluctuations of the Caspian Sea level in the Pleistocene (classification and systematic description). In: Tcherbakov, F.A. & Svitoch, A.A. (Eds) Palaeogeography and geomorphology of the Caspian Region in the Pleistocene. Nauka, Moscow: 5–100. (In Russian).

Tarasov, A.G. 2001. Hypersaline ecosystems: oil- and gas-sources. Edel-M Publ., Moscow. 111 p. (In Russian).

Vasiliev, I., Krijgsman, W., Langereis, C.G., Panaiotu, C.E., Maţenco, L. & Bertotti, G. 2004. Towards an astrochronological framework for the eastern Paratethys Mio–Pliocene sedimentary sequences of the Focşani basin (Romania). Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 227: 231–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.012

Vasiliev, I., Krijgsman, W., Stoica, M. & Langereis, C.G. 2005. Mio-Pliocene magnetostratigraphy in the southern Carpathian foredeep and Mediterranean–Paratethys correlations. Terra Nova, 17: 376–384. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2005.00624.x

Zenkevich, L.A. 1963. Biologiya morey SSSR [Biology of seas of the USSR]. Izdatel’stvo Akademii Nauk SSSR, Moscow. 739 p. (In Russian).

Volume, Year: