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Parthenites of 6 investigated species of trematodes in diploid sets contain 20 chromosomes. The karyotype structure of Notocotylus sp. (the intermediate host — Anisus acronicus) is 2m+6sm+4st+8a; Echinoparyphium recurvatum — 2sm—m+10st+8a; Cotylurus cornutus — 2m+6st+2a-st+10a; Apatemon fuligulae — 4m+8sm+4st+4a; Ichthyocotylurus pileatus — 6m—8st— 6a. I. erraticus — 6m+6sm+8a (m — metacentric, sm — submetacentric, st — subtelocentric and a — acrocentric chromosomes). In chromosome sets prevail one-armed, actively reorganizing elements. In Notocotylus sp. a large metacentric B-chromosome and up to 9 small additional acrocentric B-chromosomes were found out. The B-chromosomes in karyotype of A. fuligulae were presented by small acrocentric elements. We suppose that the genetic material of additional chromosomes in karyotype of trematodes increases the combinative variability and evidently takes part in the regulation of genome activity and interrelations in the «parasite-host» systems.

The total proteins composition of four Microphallus species; M. pygmaeus, M. piriformes, M. sp. I, M. triangulatus was investigated by the method of SDS-disk electrophoresis. The interspecific differences on electrophoretic gels were observed on the whole in different intensity of protein zones and only in a few areas disparity of the major proteins distribution was exposed. Such insignificant differences are assumed to be determined by a high specialisation of microphallid trematodes as well as by the likeness of their morphology and general pattern of life cycles of the studied species. The problem of origination of «pygmaeus» group microphallides in the evolutionary process is discussed.

Ultrastructure of neurons in 10 species of cestodes belonging to the order Cyclophyllidea was studied. Some cytomorphological characters peculiar apparently to the whole class of cestodes were recognized. They are as follows: distinct plication of the external membrane of neurons; absence of typical synaptic endings on perikaryons of neurons; system of intercellular spaces, loosely filled with fine-grained material, surrounding neurons; peculiar organization of granular endoplasmic reticulum: some tubules are freely arranged in cytoplasm while others lay under the surface of neuron's external membrane and have no fastened ribosomes in the place of contact with it. Besides, accumulations of thin-fibred material are often observed in neurons' nuclei. A functional role of these peculiarities is discussed.

Organization of the integuments of the posterior pole of oncospheres in cestodes of the families Hymenolepididae and Dilepididae was studied by means of electron microscopy. The integuments of oncospheres in hymenolepidids are formed by cytoplasmic syncytium which is connected with penetration glands. Cytoplasm'of syncytium contains a considerable number of secretory granules which are the product of glands activities. In oncospheres of F. fasciolaris was observed, a secretion of vesicles containing granules, into the lumen between the integuments and membrane of the oncosphere. The integuments of the posterior pole of oncospheres of dilepidids are formed by a specialized structure, a "little cap", which covers the embryonic hooks. Histogenesis of the «cap» is studied on oncospheres of T. megalocephala. The «cap» in dilepidids is assumed to fulfil certain functions of the surface syncytium of oncospheres of hymenolepidids, namely the adhesion of oncospheres to the intestine of the intermediate host. In this case in hymenolepidids it is a chemical adhesion connected with the secretion of penetration glands while in dilepidids it is a physical adhesion of the internal lining of the "cap".

6000 adult punkies were collected from man and animals over a period of 15 years in the Taimir and Evenk autonomous regions of Krasnoyarsk Territory. Four species Culicoides chiopterus, C. pulicaris, C. fascipennis, C. alatavicus are reported from tundra and forest-tundra of Taimir (68°00'— 73° 13' N). Punkies of the above species are small in number and do not occur all over the region. In northern and middle taiga of Evenkia (60°20'—65°45' N) punkies are very abundant and occur everywhere. 7 species C. obsoletus, C. chiopterus, C. punctatus, C. pulicaris, C. grisescens, C. fascipennis, C. helveticus are reported from this region. A relative abundance of punkies in the complex of bloodsucking Diptera during a summer period in different landscape zones is shown. Their seasonal and daily activity is shown and maximum levels of attacking man, reindeer and dog are given.

Heteromorphic parasitic larvae of Hirsutiella zachvatkini have four pairs of simple alveolar salivary glands possessing characteristic peculiarities of electron microscopic organisation. Each of paired granulosecreting salivary glands has its own dynamics of secretory activity, which is stimulated by a specific functional role connected with feeding on the host.

A new diagnosis of the genus Scutomegninia Dubinin, 1951 is given. The genus is divided into two subgenera, Scutomegninia s. str. and Ibidomegninia subgen. n. Three new species are described as follows: Scutomegninia (S.) shathamensis sp. n. from Chatham cormorant Phalacrocorax featherstoni Buller, S. (S.) microfalcifera sp. n. from double-crested cormorant P. auritus cincinatus (Brandt), S. (S.) pygmaea sp. n. from little cormorant P. pygmaeus (Pallas). The new name S. (S.) subantarctica nom. n. is proposed to the species, described by Atyeo and Peterson (1967, 1970) as "S. phalacrocoracis (Dub. et Dub.)" from blue-eyed cormorant P. atriceps King. The key to all Scutomegninia species recorded up to now from cormorants is given. The species of Scutomegninia s. str. are restricted to cormorants (Phalacrocoracidae) and the species of Ibidomegninia are restricted to ibises (Threskiornithidae). Basing on the host distribution of the Bonnetellinae feather mite subfamily on Pelecaniformes and Ciconiiformes, it is supposed that the cormorants are the primary hosts of the genus Scutomegninia and the ibises are the secondary ones.

Data on the species composition of fleas, their abundance and distribution on hosts and on territory are given. Changes in the species composition and abundance of fleas in the latitude and meridional directions are shown.

Transovarial and transspermal transmission of the microsporidian infection caused by Vairimorpha antheraeae has been studied. The impact of each sex was estimated by the fecundity of butterflies and viability of the offspring. The presence of the parasites in the sexual systems of the males and females was confirmed by electronmicroscopic studies. It was discovered that both roots took part in the transmission of the pathogen to the offspring. Transovarial root is more effective.

A description of female of Macronyssus evansi sp. n. found on Mytis brandti Eversmann, 1845 (type host) and on Plecotus auritis Linnaeus, 1758 in Krasnojarsk region and Kamchatka is given.

Morphological characteristics of the parasitic mite Tropilaelaps clareae in given. This species is compared to the other similar parasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni. A different nature of parasitism in these two similar in their biology species in shown. V. jacobsoni is a species that passed to parasitism from phoresia and preserved all the advantages which enable in to fasten to the quickly moving host. T. clareae passed to obligate parasitism from nest-burrow symbiosis and possesses no distinct adaptive devices for fastening to the host. In this connection its long stay on bees is scarcely probable. Further spread to tropilaelapsosis is possible only to the regions, natural conditions of which help the to survive unfavourable conditions in a hive or other habitats with similar coditions suitable for surviving.

A new trematode species Asymphylotrema leninabadi sp. n. (Trematoda, Monorchidae) found in the gut of Gobio gobio lepidolaemus Kessler from the Digmai spring (the city of Leninabad, Tajikistan) is described.

A description and figures of Rugogaster hydrolagi Schell, 1973 found in the spiral vaklve of Hydrolagus ogilbyi from the southern Pacific are given.

A description and figures of cestodes of Pseudangularia triplacantha Burt, 1938, which was first found in Apus apus L. in the USSR, are given. Apus apus L. was obtained during its spring flight in the region of Karateginsky mountain ridge. Data for the five known species of the genus are listed in the table.

Cysticercoid of cestodes of Wardium manubriatum Spassky et Dao, 1963, described from Larus genei of North Vietnam, was first found in the body cavity of Branchinella spinosa in biocoenosis of Lake Tengiz (Central Kazakhstan). An original figure and description of W. manubriatum cysticercoid from B. spinosa as well as morphometric data on larvae of Wardium cestodes (W. fusa, W. stellorae, W. gvozdevi, W. manubriatum), specific parasites of gulls Larus genei nesting on Lake Tengiz in general are given.

Summary is absent.