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(Key to Freshwater invertebrates
of Russia and adjacent lands, Vol. 5)
1(14). Abdomen of pupae ended by paired "urogomphs" or nonpaired process.
2(3). Abdomen with unpaired very long process at apex; integument with very dense pubescence . . . Dryopidae (Polyphaga) (Table ???) (pp ???)
3(2). Abdomen with paired "urogomphs".
4(11). Pronotum without very long filaments (setae) at its anterior and posterior angles, but its covers are unevenly pubescent with long sitting setae or arranged on long processes.
5(6). Hairs located on the surface or at most on small and sometimes partially sclerotized tuberles . . . Dytiscidae – Predaceous diving beetles (Adephaga) (Table ???) (pp. ???)
Noteridae - Noterids (Adephaga) (Table 56: 9,10)
6(5). Hairs at least partly located on long cylindrical processes ("styli").
7(8). Cylindrical styli developed only on pronotum of . . . Hydraenidae - Hydraenids (Polyphaga) (Table ???) (pp. ???)
8(7). Cylindrical "styli" are developed not only on pronotum, but also on other dorsal sclerites.
9(10). Pronotum with one pair of cylindrical styli at anterior edge and with group of processes at each anterior edge . . . Helophoridae (Polyphaga) (Table???) (pp. ???)
10(9). Pronotum with more than 1 pair of cylindrical processes (“styli”) at anterior edge or only with a group of cylindrical processes (“styli”) at anterior edge or entire surface of pronotum with numerous styli . . . . . . Hydrophilidae (Polyphaga) (Table ???) (pp. ???)
11(4). Pronotum with 1—2 pairs of very long filaments (setae) or sometimes covers with even pubescence.
12(13). Dorsum is less sclerotized and less pubescent . . . Elmidae (Polyphaga) (Table ???) (pp. ???)
13(12). Dorsum stronger sclerotized and relatively densely pubescent . . . Ptilodactylidae (Polyphaga) (Table ???)
See key for to families by adults.
14(1). Pupae without pronounced processes reminiscent of “urogmophs” on abdominal apex or, if similar processes developed, they are reduced and placed on sides of apex.
15(16). Pupae flattened and apex of its abdomen with flattened and wide lobes in each angle; apex appears emarginate; dorsal sclerites of body with paired sclerotized area . . . Psephenidae (Polyphaga), subfam. Eubriinae (Table ???)
See key to families by adults.
16(15). Combination of characters different.
17(18). Pupae completely covered in larval exuvia; abdominal tergite 1 with strongly protruding lateral processes; pubescence of body reduced . . . Psephenidae (Polyphaga), subfam. Psepheninae (Table ???)
See key to families by adults
18(17). Pupae never covered by larval exuviae, and their abdominal tergite 1 of normal shape.
19(20). Eyes bifurcate; hairs on body always sitting (without processes at their base); without long setae on pronotum and abdomen . . . Gyrinidae – Whirligig beetles (Adephaga) (Table ??: 7, 10) (pp. ???)
20(19). Combinatin of characters is different.
21(22). Pronotum with 1-2 pairs of long filaments or abdominal apex covered with dense pubescence with small papillae . . . Scirtidae (syn. Helodidae) – Marsh beetles (Polyphaga) (Table ??: 7, 10) (pp. ???)
22(21). Combination of characters different.
23(24). Body with numerous very long filaments (setae), but without short hairs . . . Haliplidae – Crawling water beetles (Adephaga) (Table 45: 1-7) (pp. ???)
24(23). Combination of characters is different.
25(28). Pupae not concealed in secreted cocoon.
26(27). Pupae of more than 5 mm with fluorescent organs . . . Lampyridae - Fireflies (Polyphaga) (Table 38: 8)
See above key to families by adults.
27(26). Pupae of less than 2 mm without fluorescent organs . . . Hydroscaphidae (Myxophaga) (Table 38: 7)
See above key to families by imago.
28(25). Pupae concealed in secreted cocoon.
29(30). Head not extended into rostrum . . . Chrysomelidae – Leaf beetles (Polyphaga), subfamily Donaciinae (Table ???) (pp. ???)
30(29). Head not extended into rostrum. . . . Curculionidae (Polyphaga) (Table ???) (pp. ???)
Brentidae (syn. Apionidae) (Polyphaga) (Table ???) Dryophthoridae(Polyphaga) (Table ???)